Dr. John Michael Rodgers Profile

Dr. John Michael Rodgers

Principal Engineer/Optical Design at Synopsys, Inc.

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Publications (32)

Proceedings Article | 24 October 2023 Presentation + Paper

Optical and opto-mechanical design of spectrometers for PRIMA

J. Michael Rodgers, James McGuire, Vincent Tieu, Robert Calvet, Charles Bradford

Proceedings Volume 12676, 126760C (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2676269

KEYWORDS: Spectrometers, Mirrors, Design and modelling, Staring arrays, Objectives, Equipment, Telescopes, Optomechanical design, Optical alignment, Fabrication

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Proceedings Article | 24 October 2023 Presentation + Paper

Optical and opto-mechanical design of the PRIMA telescope

J. Michael Rodgers, James McGuire, Robert Calvet

Proceedings Volume 12676, 126760B (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2676221

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Telescopes, Spectroscopy, Imaging systems, Equipment, James Webb Space Telescope, Design and modelling, Space mirrors, Optomechanical design, Cryogenics

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SPIE Journal Paper | 8 December 2022 Open Access

Next-generation active telescope for space astronomy

Stefan Martin, Charles Lawrence, David Redding, Bertrand Mennesson, John Rodgers, Kevin Hurd, Rhonda Morgan, Renyu Hu, John Steeves, Jeffrey Jewell, Charles Phillips, Claudia Pineda, Ned Ferraro, Thibault L. Flinois

JATIS, Vol. 8, Issue 04, 044005, (December 2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JATIS.8.4.044005

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Space telescopes, Equipment, Mirrors, Astronomical telescopes, Astronomy, Exoplanets, Planets, Coronagraphy, Stars

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We present a design for an active telescope for space astronomy. The telescope is capable of both exoplanet work and general astronomy over wavelengths from ∼100 nm up to 5 μm. The primary mirror is 6 m in diameter, formed by 16 mirror segments that are precisely phased and supported on rigid body actuators and with segment optical surface figures fine-tuned using surface figure actuators. The active primary forms a large deformable mirror (DM) with wavefront error (WFE) correction at the entrance pupil. Thus the largest source of WFE can be removed at the source and is corrected over the entire field of view. This enables diffraction-limited performance at 400 nm and a more efficient optical system over a broader wavelength range than could be achieved by a small DM at a downstream relayed pupil. The telescope is passively cooled to below 100 K at Sun–Earth L2, enabling astronomical-background-limited observations out to 5 μm. Launched on a SpaceX Starship or alternatively National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Space Launch System, the telescope requires minimal deployments. A 72-m-diameter starshade provides a contrast ratio better than 10 − 10 for exoplanet science. Near the visible region, with a 108% working bandwidth from 300 to 1000 nm, a working distance of 120 Mm provides a 51-mas inner working angle (IWA). This band can be moved to shorter or longer wavelengths by adjusting the starshade range from the telescope. Our first-ever thermal analysis of such a starshade shows that a temperature below 100 K can be achieved over a broad range of observing directions, permitting the possibility of working into the infrared. We model the yield in exoplanets that can be observed. A starshade and associated spectrograph offer significant advantages for exoplanet characterization. They enable a much broader instantaneous spectral bandwidth (here 108%) than current coronagraphs (∼10 % to 20% bandwidth), allow both polarizations to be observed simultaneously, and have higher throughput. The IWA is twice as small as can be achieved with a coronagraph and there is no outer working angle. These differences are particularly pronounced in the UV, where coronagraph performance would be strongly affected by throughput losses, wavefront aberrations, Fresnel polarization effects at surfaces, and thermal instability.

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SPIE Journal Paper | 26 August 2021 Open Access

Galaxy Evolution Probe

Jason Glenn, Charles Bradford, Erik Rosolowsky, Rashied Amini, Katherine Alatalo, Lee Armus, Andrew Benson, Tzu-Ching Chang, Jeremy Darling, Peter Day, Jeanette Domber, Duncan Farrah, Brandon Hensley, Sarah Lipscy, Bradley Moore, Sebastian Oliver, Joanna Perido, David Redding, John Rodgers, Raphael Shirley, Howard Smith, John Steeves, Carole Tucker, Jonas Zmuidzinas

JATIS, Vol. 7, Issue 03, 034004, (August 2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JATIS.7.3.034004

KEYWORDS: Galactic astronomy, Galaxy evolution, Stars, Spectroscopy, Sensors, Mid-IR, Mirrors, Telescopes, Infrared radiation, Electronics

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Proceedings Article | 13 December 2020 Poster

Active telescope for UV-through-midIR space astronomy

Charles Lawrence, David Redding, Kevin Hurd, Jeffrey Jewell, Stefan Martin, Rhonda Morgan, Charles Phillips, Claudia Pineda, Michael Rodgers, John Steeves

Proceedings Volume 11443, 114435Z (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2563177

KEYWORDS: Space telescopes, Telescopes, Astronomy, Astronomical telescopes, Exoplanets, Imaging spectroscopy, Ultraviolet radiation, Visible radiation, Mid-IR, Optics manufacturing

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Proceedings Article | 16 September 2019 Presentation + Paper

The WFIRST coronagraph instrument phase B optical design

Hong Tang, Michael Rodgers, Brandon Creager, John Krist, James McGuire, Keith Patterson, Mayer Rud, Fang Shi, Feng Zhao

Proceedings Volume 11117, 111170C (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2530506

KEYWORDS: Coronagraphy, Optical design, Mirrors, Deformable mirrors, Exoplanets, Stars, Astronomical imaging, Optical fabrication, Optical alignment, Polarization

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Proceedings Article | 9 September 2019 Presentation + Paper

A Habitable Exoplanet Observatory (HabEx) starshade-only architectures

David Redding, Keith Coste, Otto Polanco, Claudia Pineda, Kevin Hurd, Howard Tseng, Stefan Martin, Rhonda Morgan, Kevin Schulz, Jonathan Tesch, Eric Cady, Michael Rodgers, Matthew East, Chris Stark, Gordon Wu, Pei Huang, Bradley Hood, Derek Chan, Dustin Putnam, Suzan Greene, Sandra Johnson, Jonathan Benson

Proceedings Volume 11115, 111150V (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2529646

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Ultraviolet radiation, Mirrors, Space operations, Interfaces, Actuators, Exoplanets, Electronics, Imaging spectroscopy, Observatories

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Proceedings Article | 6 July 2018 Presentation + Paper

Architecture for space-based exoplanet spectroscopy in the mid-infrared

Joseph Green, Samuel Case Bradford, Thomas Gautier, Michael Rodgers, Erkin Sidick, Gautam Vasisht

Proceedings Volume 10698, 106981C (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2314338

KEYWORDS: Segmented mirrors, Planets, Stars, Mid-IR, Exoplanets, Spectroscopy, Point spread functions, Wavefronts, Telescopes, Mirrors, Coronagraphy

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Proceedings Article | 6 July 2018 Presentation + Paper

HabEx Lite: a starshade-only habitable exoplanet imager alternative

David Redding, Keith Coste, Otto Polanco, Claudia Pineda, Kevin Hurd, Howard Tseng, Jose Quezada, Stefan Martin, Joel Nissen, Kevin Schulz, Jonathan Tesch, Eric Cady, Michael Rodgers, Matthew East, James Mooney, Chris Stark

Proceedings Volume 10698, 106980X (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2310058

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Coronagraphy, Space telescopes, Imaging spectroscopy, Telescopes, Ultraviolet radiation, Exoplanets, Control systems, Observatories, Planets

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Proceedings Article | 27 November 2017 Paper

Freeform surfaces for low distortion reflective imagers

J. Michael Rodgers

Proceedings Volume 10590, 105900Y (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2286505

KEYWORDS: Imaging systems, Optical design, Distortion, Reflectivity, Aspheric lenses, Freeform optics, Space telescopes, Telescopes, Astronomical imaging

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SPIE Journal Paper | 11 July 2016

Validation of the corrective optics on the Hubble Space Telescope 1st Servicing Mission

Kevin Thompson, Robert Kestner, J. Michael Rodgers, Daniel Bajuk

JATIS, Vol. 2, Issue 03, 034001, (July 2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JATIS.2.3.034001

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Cameras, Monochromatic aberrations, Computer generated holography, Hubble Space Telescope, Space telescopes, Telescopes, Optical design, Interferometers, Astronomical imaging

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Proceedings Article | 26 September 2013 Paper

The AFTA coronagraph instrument

Stuart Shaklan, Marie Levine, Marc Foote, Michael Rodgers, Michael Underhill, Luis Marchen, Dan Klein

Proceedings Volume 8864, 886415 (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2024560

KEYWORDS: Coronagraphy, Sensors, Mirrors, Iterated function systems, Planets, Wavefronts, Stars, Telescopes, Jupiter, Space telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 9 September 2010 Paper

Considerations for selecting a retrosphere in interferometric optical testing of objectives

J. Michael Rodgers

Proceedings Volume 7652, 765216 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.868876

KEYWORDS: Diffraction, Objectives, Beam propagation method, Optical testing, Wavefronts, Interferometers, Interferometry, Mirrors, Relays, Reflectors

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Proceedings Article | 29 August 2008 Paper

Design of a discrete scan laser focusing system with a ring grating scan element

J. Michael Rodgers

Proceedings Volume 7060, 70600N (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.796716

KEYWORDS: Monochromatic aberrations, Optical design, Wavefronts, Chemical elements, Optical components, Digital micromirror devices, Diffraction gratings, Diffraction, Collimation, Laser systems engineering

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Proceedings Article | 17 July 2008 Paper

A conceptual design for the Thirty Meter Telescope alignment and phasing system

Mitchell Troy, Gary Chanan, Scott Michaels, Randy Bartos, Graham Bothwell, Amir Give'on, Randy Hein, Max Radin, Jenny Roberts, J. Michael Rodgers, Lawrence Scherr, Byoung-Joon Seo, David Zimmerman

Proceedings Volume 7012, 70120Y (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.788560

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Image segmentation, Cameras, Mirrors, Space telescopes, Stars, Beam splitters, Wavefronts, Wavefront sensors, Thirty Meter Telescope

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Proceedings Article | 9 July 2008 Paper

The Canarias InfraRed Camera Experiment (CIRCE): progress of the opto- and cryo- mechanical design and manufacture

M. Edwards, S. Eikenberry, M. Charcos-Llorens, A. Marin-Franch, N. Lasso, S. Raines, J. Julian, K. Hanna, C. Packham, M. Rodgers, R. Bandyopadhyay

Proceedings Volume 7014, 70142L (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.788424

KEYWORDS: Optics manufacturing, Mirrors, Infrared cameras, Design for manufacturability, Imaging spectroscopy, Telescopes, Optical design, Optical benches, Solids, Polarimetry

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Proceedings Article | 9 July 2008 Paper

Design of a mid-IR polarimeter for SOFIA

C. Packham, M. Escuti, G. Boreman, I Quijano, J. Ginn, B. Franklin, D. Axon, J. Hough, T. Jones, P. Roche, M. Tamura, C. Telesco, N. Levenson, J. Rodgers, J. McGuire

Proceedings Volume 7014, 70142H (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.789843

KEYWORDS: Polarization, Polarimetry, Mirrors, Space telescopes, Diffraction, Telescopes, Absorption, Mid-IR, Optical design, Diffraction gratings

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Proceedings Article | 18 July 2006 Paper

Optical design of a panoramic, wide spectral band, infrared fisheye lens

Harvey Spencer, J. Michael Rodgers, Jeffrey Hoffman

Proceedings Volume 6342, 63421P (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.692310

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Long wavelength infrared, Mid-IR, Diffractive optical elements, Infrared radiation, Optical design, Diffraction, Mirrors, Germanium, Panoramic photography

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Proceedings Article | 13 July 2006 Paper

Four-mirror compact afocal telescope with dual exit pupil

J. Michael Rodgers

Proceedings Volume 6342, 63421J (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.692296

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Telescopes, Beam splitters, Imaging systems, Switches, Monochromatic aberrations, Optical design, Infrared imaging, Visible radiation, Cameras

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Proceedings Article | 11 July 2006 Paper

The Canarias Infrared Camera Experiment (CIRCE): optical and opto-mechanical design and manufacture

M. Edwards, S. Eikenberry, A. Marin-Franch, M. Charcos-Llorens, M. Rodgers, J. Julian, N. Raines, C. Packham

Proceedings Volume 6269, 62694Z (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.670716

KEYWORDS: Optics manufacturing, Mirrors, Infrared cameras, Optical design, Computer aided design, Aspheric lenses, Telescopes, Optomechanical design, Design for manufacturability, Imaging spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 28 June 2006 Paper

FISICA: the Florida imager slicer for infrared cosmology and astrophysics

Stephen Eikenberry, S. Nicholas Raines, Nicolas Gruel, Richard Elston, Rafael Guzman, Jeff Julian, Glenn Boreman, Paul Glenn, Gregory Hull-Allen, Jeffrey Hoffman, Michael Rodgers, Kevin Thompson, Scott Flint, Lovell Comstock, Bruce Myrick

Proceedings Volume 6269, 62694L (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.672184

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Telescopes, Spectrographs, Infrared imaging, Infrared radiation, Space telescopes, Astrophysics, Aluminum, Molybdenum, Astronomical imaging

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Proceedings Article | 30 September 2004 Paper

Overview and design of the Canarias infrared camera experiment (CIRCE)

Michelle Edwards, Antonio Marin-Franch, Stephen Eikenberry, Michael Rodgers, Jeff Julian, Kevin Hanna, Chris Packham

Proceedings Volume 5492, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.550514

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Sensors, Control systems, Infrared cameras, Imaging spectroscopy, Optical filters, Polarimetry, Image filtering, Aspheric lenses, Optical design

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Proceedings Article | 30 September 2004 Paper

FISICA: the Florida image slicer for infrared cosmology and astrophysics

Stephen Eikenberry, Richard Elston, Rafael Guzman, Jeff Julian, S. Nicholas Raines, Nicolas Gruel, Glenn Boreman, Paul Glenn, C. Gregory Hull-Allen, Jeff Hoffman, Michael Rodgers, Kevin Thompson, Scott Flint, Lovell Comstock, Bruce Myrick

Proceedings Volume 5492, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.549150

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Telescopes, Spectrographs, Infrared imaging, Infrared radiation, Astrophysics, Molybdenum, Galactic astronomy, Aluminum, Astronomical imaging

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Proceedings Article | 30 September 2004 Paper

Design, fabrication, assembly, and testing of the Florida image slicer for infrared cosmology and astrophysics (FISICA) integral field unit

Paul Glenn, C. Gregory Hull-Allen, Jeff Hoffman, Michael Rodgers, Kevin Thompson, Bruce Myrick, Lovell Comstock, Scott Flint, Glenn Boreman, Stephen Eikenberry, Richard Elston, Rafael Guzman, Jeff Julian, S. Nicholas Raines

Proceedings Volume 5492, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.551661

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Telescopes, Prototyping, Spectrographs, Infrared imaging, Infrared radiation, Astrophysics, Optical fabrication, Optical alignment, Imaging systems

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Proceedings Article | 23 December 2002 Paper

Unobscured mirror designs

J. Michael Rodgers

Proceedings Volume 4832, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.486488

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Relays, Reflectivity, Patents, Monochromatic aberrations, Imaging systems, Lithography, Wavefronts, Distortion, Optical design

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Proceedings Article | 14 December 2001 Paper

Optical design of a 10x zoom lens objective for the visible wavelength band

J. Michael Rodgers

Proceedings Volume 4487, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.450414

KEYWORDS: Zoom lenses, Modulation transfer functions, Tolerancing, Lens design, Glasses, Optical design, Diffraction, Objectives, Sensors, Distortion

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 July 2000

Tolerance analysis of null lenses using an end-use system performance criterion

J. Michael Rodgers

OE, Vol. 39, Issue 07, (July 2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.602562

KEYWORDS: Tolerancing, Aspheric lenses, Wavefronts, Lenses, Objectives, Optical fabrication, Mirrors, Monochromatic aberrations, Code v, Optical engineering

Proceedings Article | 23 July 1999 Paper

Optical design of the National Ignition Facility main laser and switchyard/target area beam transport systems

John Miller, R. Edward English, Ronald Korniski, J. Michael Rodgers

Proceedings Volume 3492, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.354140

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Spatial filters, Optical amplifiers, Optical design, National Ignition Facility, Wavefronts, Monochromatic aberrations, Control systems, Laser systems engineering, Polarizers

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Proceedings Article | 9 July 1998 Paper

Blue channel of the Keck low-resolution imaging spectrometer

James McCarthy, Judith Cohen, Brad Butcher, John Cromer, Ernest Croner, William Douglas, Richard Goeden, Tony Grewal, Barry Lu, Harold Petrie, Tianxiang Weng, Bob Weber, Donald Koch, J. Michael Rodgers

Proceedings Volume 3355, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.316831

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Charge-coupled devices, Optical filters, Collimators, Telescopes, Sensors, CCD image sensors, CCD cameras, Monochromatic aberrations, Optical components

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Proceedings Article | 1 June 1994 Paper

Design of a high-speed UV-transmitting camera for the Keck LRIS

J. Michael Rodgers, James McCarthy

Proceedings Volume 2198, (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.176801

KEYWORDS: Coating, Cameras, Spectrographs, Silica, CCD cameras, Cements, Optical design, Antireflective coatings, Interfaces, Telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 1 December 1991 Paper

Reflective optical designs for soft x-ray projection lithography

Tanya Jewell, Kevin Thompson, J. Michael Rodgers

Proceedings Volume 1527, (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.48683

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Distortion, Photomasks, Optical design, Tolerancing, Semiconducting wafers, Projection lithography, Monochromatic aberrations, Lithography, X-rays

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Proceedings Article | 1 January 1991 Paper

Design of reflective relay for soft x-ray lithography

J. Michael Rodgers, Tanya Jewell

Proceedings Volume 1354, (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.47916

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Distortion, X-ray lithography, Reflectivity, Wavefronts, Tolerancing, Modulation transfer functions, Aspheric lenses, X-rays, Image quality

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Showing 5 of 32 publications

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