Over the past decades, particle characterisation has emerged as a pivotal field, consistently demonstrating its potential through advancements in particle synthesis and the enhanced understanding of diverse applications utilising specialized particles. Shape is an important physical property of a particle and makes an impact on other properties of the particle, thus it is worth exploring. There are many techniques for measuring the shape of particles, from micrometer sized to nanometer sized. However, it is not possible to achieve accurate in situ, single-particle measurements in fluids with current methods while such measurements have great potential in areas like water quality monitoring. In this work, we demonstrated a novel technique to measure the aspect ratio of a single particle using open-access microcavities. By probing the perturbation of a rod-shaped particle in water to the optical mode formed in the microcavity, we are able to extract quantitative information about the particle, namely the aspect ratio. We apply this technique to two types of gold nanorods as well as probiotics samples to illustrate its wide applications to different materials and sizes.
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