At present, there have been many studies using OCT technology to assist subretinal injection surgery. One of the research directions is to perceive the depth of needle penetration by collecting A-Line signal of tissue in real time. Most of the OCT systems in such solutions use a common optical path architecture, which basically does not require dispersion compensation, and the structure is simple, but the working distance is fixed. In this paper, a needle tip depth sensing SDOCT system was developed. Two types of ball lens fiber probes emitting quasi-parallel light were designed for use in air and water. The ball lens fiber probe used in water was fabricated. A probe, called a single-mode fiber probe, was manufactured by cutting the light emitting surface of a single-mode fiber using a fiber cleaver. Under the same conditions, in the water, the A-Line signal of the mirror collected by the SD-OCT system integrated with the ball lens fiber probe used in the water is stronger than that collected by the SD-OCT system integrated with the single-mode fiber probe. When collecting the A-Line signal of the mirror in water, the SD-OCT system integrated with the ball lens fiber probe used in the water has a longer working distance than the CP-SDOCT system integrated with the single-mode fiber probe. Finally, the needle tip depth sensing function of the system was tested through experiments.
In endoscopic optical coherence tomography (EOCT), compact optical structure is often required for the fiber probe to access lumen tissues through a tortuous path. However, to achieve this, current endoscopic probes often have short working distance and complex fabrication technique. In this study, we report two fiber probes, which can be applied in long working distance endoscopic imaging. The first one is a ball lens probe, which consists of a beam expansion part composed of coreless optical fibers and a focusing and reflecting part composed of half ball lens. This method is a simple and low-cost probe fabrication technique that utilizes the surface tension of the molten material itself to form the ball lens on the fiber tip and creates reflective surface by sanding. The other one is a 3D micro printing probe, which consists of a coreless optical fiber part for beam expansion and a focusing and reflecting part composed of freeform micro-optics easily created by 3D micro printing technology. The freeform micro-optics created by this method can compensate for the influence of the catheter on light focusing, thereby enhancing imaging quality. We apply these two probes into a customized SD-OCT system to test the imaging on infrared cards, tapes, and various biological tissue samples. Both probes achieve imaging at a working distance of 6mm. In the future, the compact design, cost-effective and long working distance of our fiber probe will enable broader applications in more endoscopic catheter applications.
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