KEYWORDS: In situ metrology, Magnetism, LabVIEW, Interference (communication), Signal to noise ratio, Electronic filtering, Digital filtering, Sensors, Data acquisition, Numerical simulations
Compared with the other geophysical approaches, magnetic resonance sounding (MRS) technique is direct and nondestructive in subsurface water exploration. It provides water content distribution and estimates hydrogeological properties. The biggest challenge is that MRS measurement always suffers bad signal-to-noise ratio, and it can be carried out only far from sources of noise. To solve this problem, a series of de-noising methods are developed. However, most of them are post-processing, leading the data quality uncontrolled for in situ measurements. In the present study, a new approach that removal of correlated noise online is found to overcome the restriction. Based on LabVIEW, a method is provided to enable online data quality control by the way of realizing signal acquisition and noise filtering simultaneously. Using one or more reference coils, adaptive noise cancellation based on LabVIEW to eliminate the correlated noise is available for in situ measurements. The approach was examined through numerical simulation and field measurements. The correlated noise is mitigated effectively and the application of MRS measurements is feasible in high-level noise environment. The method shortens the measurement time and improves the measurement efficiency.
The noninvasive method of surface nuclear magnetic resonance (SNMR) is a geophysical technique that is directly sensitive to hydrogen protons, besides it can exploit the NMR phenomenon for a quantitative determination of the subsurface groundwater distribution. Traditionally, SNMR utilizes large surface coils for both transmitting excitation pulses and recording the groundwater response. While, in recent research, a low Tc-SQUIDs is taken as a new sensor to replace the large receiving coil (Rx), which performing the best sensitivity for the shallow depth. Nevertheless, SQUID is with the problems of flux trapping and operational difficulties. In this paper, we introduce a room temperature coil system. A Cu coil with diameter of 1 m and a low noise preamplifier was systematically investigated and reached a sensitivity of 0.2fT/Hz1/2.Four preamplifiers are chosen for optimizing the pickup coils. The resolution studies for the array coil systems were performed, and the optimum distance between the adjacent pickup coils to achieve a better experimental results especially for the shallow depth. Our study enable the further use of the room temperature coil for SNMR shallow depth detections.
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