This article aims to analyze agronomic drought in a highly anthropogenic semi-arid region. This is the western Mediterranean region. The study uses satellite data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) describing the dynamics of vegetation cover and soil water content through the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Soil Water Index (SWI). An analysis of the vegetation anomaly index (VAI) highlights the difference between agricultural and natural areas. Thus, two land use classes are considered for the analysis of drought indices, agricultural areas and natural areas. The contribution of vegetation cover (VAI) was combined with the effect of soil water content using the moisture anomaly index (MAI) through a new drought index called the global drought index (GDI). This index considers the seasonal effect of the development of vegetation cover and soil water content with variable weightings over time for the two indices VAI and MAI.
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