KEYWORDS: Distortion, Integral imaging, Lenses, 3D image processing, Optical simulations, Prototyping, 3D volumetric displays, 3D displays, Fresnel lenses, Imaging systems
Coarse integral volumetric imaging (CIVI) combines multiview and volumetric display solutions and presents undistorted floating 3D images by correcting distortion of volumetric image for each view. In the conventional CIVI with limited viewing angle, distortions of image planes can be approximated to be parabolic in the direction of depth, while those in horizontal and vertical directions can be ignored. When the viewing angle becomes wider, however, this approximation cannot realize presentation of the undistorted image. To cope with the strong distortions, the method that the authors propose calculates the z-coordinate of the generated real image in detail and depicts each pixel on the display panel of the corresponding depth. Also distortions in horizontal and vertical directions are corrected by using texture mapping. To attain precise correction in vertical, horizontal and depth directions, optical paths of light rays between the display panel and each viewpoint are calculated with an optical simulator. Color aberration can also be corrected by mapping red, green and blue textures separately based on the result of the optical simulation.
This paper proposes a high resolution integral imaging system using a lens array composed of non-uniform decentered
elemental lenses. One of the problems of integral imaging is the trade-off relationship between the resolution and the
number of views. When the number of views is small, motion parallax becomes strongly discrete to maintain the viewing
angle. The only conventional way to solve this problem is to use a finer lens array and a display panel with a finer pixel
pitch. In the proposed method large display area is used to show a smaller and finer 3D image. To realize it, the
elemental lenses should be smaller than the elemental lenses. To cope with the difference of sizes between the elemental
images and the elemental lenses, the lens array is designed so that the optical centers of elemental lenses are located in
the centers of elemental images, not in the centers of elemental lenses. In addition, new image rendering algorithm is
developed so that undistorted 3D image can be presented with a non-uniform lens array. The proposed design of lens
array can be applied to integral volumetric imaging, where display panels are layered to show volumetric images in the
scheme of integral imaging.
In this paper realization of precise depth perception using coarse integral volumetric imaging (CIVI) is discussed. CIVI
is a 3D display technology that combines multiview and volumetric solutions by introducing multilayered structure to
integral imaging. Since CIVI generates real images optically, optical distortion can cause distortion of 3D space to be
presented. To attain presentation of undistorted 3D space with CIVI, the authors simulate the optics of CIVI and propose
an algorithm to show undistorted 3D space by compensating the optical distortion on the software basis. The authors also
carry out psychophysical experiments to verify that vergence-accommdation conflict is reduced and depth perception of
the viewer is improved by combining multiview and volumetric technologies.
KEYWORDS: Distortion, Integral imaging, 3D image processing, Optical simulations, Prototyping, 3D volumetric displays, 3D displays, Volume rendering, Geometrical optics
Coarse integral volumetric imaging (CIVI) combines multiview and volumetric display solutions and presents
undistorted floating 3D image by correcting distortion of volumetric image for each view. In the conventional CIVI with
limited viewing angle, distortions of image planes can be approximated to be parabolic in the direction of depth, while
those in horizontal and vertical directions can be ignored. When the viewing angle becomes wider, however, this
approximation cannot realize presentation of undistorted image. To cope with the strong distortions, the method the
authors propose calculate z-coordinate of the generated real image is in detail and depicts each pixel on the display panel
of the corresponding depth. Also distortions in horizontal and vertical directions are corrected by using texture mapping.
To attain precise correction in vertical, horizontal and depth directions, optical paths of light rays between the display
panel and each viewpoint are calculated with an optical simulator. Color aberration can also be corrected by mapping red,
green and blue textures separately based on the result of the optical simulation.
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