We propose a procedure that can improve the coding efficiency of bilevel image compression schemes that are based on chain coding techniques and entropy coders. The two chain coding techniques analyzed in this study employ three and eight symbols, respectively, to code the outline of object shapes in bilevel images. Once we have the chain code representation of a contour, we group the original chain symbols in blocks of two or more symbols to build new extended alphabets from which we can obtain more efficient compression rates by using a statistical model that best represents our new alphabets and entropy coding. The coding efficiency of every new alphabet is measured by its entropy, average length in bits per original source symbol, and the total length in bits that represent the compressed image. We compare the compression efficiency between our two chain coding techniques using our three entropy coding parameters for symbol groupings of different sizes. In our experiments, we also show how our blocking approach produces an entropy value that is lower than its expected theoretical counterpart for a given order of symbol groupings and, as a consequence, the average and total lengths are expected to follow a decreasing pattern as well. Finally, we compare our best encoding model against the Joint Bilevel Image Experts Group's JBIG and JBIG2 bilevel image compression standards.
The reconstruction of an image from its projections through filtered backprojection is not new and has gained popularity since its application on computerized tomography (CT) for medical imaging. However, the number of projections to reconstruct a single image can be in the thousands. Thus, significant computational power is required. Today's digital signal processors (DSPs) offer an alternative for implementations of a backprojector to process large amounts of data. We demonstrate an implementation in a fixed-point DSP. This implementation is optimized for cache memory to reduce CPU stalls, and we achieved up to 99.6% of effective CPU cycles. With a DSP running at 1 GHz, an image of 1200×1200 pixels can be reconstructed from 180 projections in 1 s.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.