The Ka-/Q-band in the microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum is important for astrophysical and astrochemical research, particularly in the subfield of interstellar medium (ISM). The two bands cover not only the fundamental lines of the abundant dense gas tracer CS and its isotopologues but also a vast number of transitions of relatively large, long-chain, and/or complex organic species. Here, through a Taiwan-Japan collaboration, an extended Q-band (30-50GHz) receiver is built for Nobeyama 45-m telescope. The receiver front-end was installed at Nobeyama 45-m telescope in Nov. 2021 and obtained its first light in the same month. Commissioning and science verification (CSV) of the receiver was conducted in the first half of 2022. After commissioning, this receiver will be the only one in the world providing capability to cover 3 Zeeman transitions simultaneously at 7mm wavelength installed at large single dish telescope. It will be one of the most powerful facilities to explore the magnetic fields towards the pre-protostellar cores.
We are promoting the Hybrid Installation Project in Nobeyama, Triple-band Oriented (HINOTORI), a project aiming at triple-band simultaneous single-dish and VLBI observation in the 22-, 43- and 86-GHz bands using the Nobeyama 45-m Telescope. The triple-band simultaneous observation becomes possible by developing two perforated plates and mounting them in the Nobeyama 45-m Telescope optics. One is a 22/43-GHz-band perforated plate, which transmits the higher frequency (43-GHz) band and reflects the lower frequency (22-GHz) band, and the other is a 43/86-GHz-band perforated plate, which transmits the 86-GHz band and reflects the 43-GHz band or lower. Both plates are designed to be installed in the large telescope optics with a beam diameter as large as 50 cm and insertion/reflection losses are both 0.22 dB (5%) or less in the design. The receivers used in triple-band simultaneous observation system are the H22 and H40 receivers, which are already installed in the Nobeyama 45-m Telescope, and the TZ receiver, which is a 100-GHz-band receiver including the 86-GHz band and reinstalled in the Nobeyama 45-m Telescope. A system of simultaneous observations in the 22- and 43-GHz bands of the Nobeyama 45-m Telescope with the 22/43- GHz-band perforated plate has been completed and commissioned for scientific observations. Also VLBI fringes between the Nobeyama 45-m telescope with the dual-band observation system and the VERA 20-m telescopes at 22 and 43 GHz was detected successfully.
We propose the Allan Variance method to identify spurious signals with sensitive detectability. With this method, detection level of -56 dB with respect to the system noise can be achieved within the integration time less than 10 min. Detected spurious signals can be mitigated by masking these channels before spectral bunching to required spectral resolution. We will present the principle of the method and the performance taken through the ALMA system verification activity. This method can be applied for universal single-dish spectroscopy.
KEYWORDS: Polarization, Spectroscopy, Spectral resolution, Signal processing, Radio telescopes, Signal detection, Jupiter, Observatories, Magnetism, Receivers
We report the development of the software-based polarization spectrometer‘ PolariS ’and early results from commissioning on the Nobeyama 45-m radio telescope. PolariS aims to detect the Zeeman effect of CCS line to measure ~ 100 μG magnetic fields in star-forming molecular cores. The PolariS consists of the K5/VSSP32 digitizer and a Linux-based PC with a GPU to process full-Stokes spectroscopy of 2 x 131072 ch for bandwidth of 4 or 8 MHz. We have verified performance of PolariS and succeeded to take full-stokes spectra of SiO masers. Since the code is open at GitHub everybody can utilize it.
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