Dr. Robert J. Grasso Profile

Dr. Robert J. Grasso

Chief Senior Staff Scientist

SPIE Involvement:

Conference Program Committee | Editor | Author

Area of Expertise:

Lasers , EOCM , Electro-Optics , IRCM , LADAR , Infrared

Publications (19)

Proceedings Article | 12 September 2021 Presentation

Welcome and Introduction to Optical Countermeasures Conference

Robert Grasso, David Titterton, Mark Richardson

Proceedings Volume 11867, 1186702 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2613728

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Proceedings Article | 20 September 2020 Presentation

Opening Remarks by Conference Chairs

Robert Grasso, David Titterton, Willy Bohn, Harro Ackermann, Mark Richardson

Proceedings Volume 11539, 1153902 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2584115

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Proceedings Article | 31 August 2017 Presentation + Paper

Atmospheric propagation of coherently and incoherently combined quantum cascade lasers

Robert Grasso

Proceedings Volume 10408, 104080A (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2275867

KEYWORDS: Atmospheric propagation, Turbulence, Quantum cascade lasers, Solid state lasers, Infrared countermeasures, Remote sensing, Defense and security, Beam propagation method, Infrared lasers, Mid-IR

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Proceedings Article | 26 September 2016 Presentation + Paper

Defence and security applications of quantum cascade lasers

Robert Grasso

Proceedings Volume 9933, 99330F (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2238963

KEYWORDS: Defense and security, Remote sensing, Quantum cascade lasers, Mid-IR, Information security, Absorption, Semiconductor lasers, Terahertz radiation, Gases, Explosives

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Proceedings Article | 15 October 2013 Paper

Detection of dim targets in multiple environments

Grace Mirsky, Matthew Woods, Robert Grasso

Proceedings Volume 8898, 88980J (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2032770

KEYWORDS: Target detection, Signal to noise ratio, Weapons, Long wavelength infrared, Environmental sensing, Mid-IR, Atmospheric physics, Gases, Infrared radiation, Atmospheric sensing

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Proceedings Article | 14 November 2012 Open Access

Trends in electro-optical electronic warfare

Carl Smith, Robert Grasso, Jack Pledger, Naveen Murarka

Proceedings Volume 8543, 854302 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.978652

KEYWORDS: Missiles, Infrared countermeasures, Sensors, Directed infrared countermeasures, Laser countermeasures, Weapons, Electro optics, Warfare, Defense and security, Imaging systems

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Proceedings Article | 12 October 2010 Open Access

Source technology as the foundation for modern infra-red counter measures (IRCM)

Robert Grasso

Proceedings Volume 7836, 783604 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.869848

KEYWORDS: Infrared countermeasures, Quantum cascade lasers, Laser applications, Lamps, Missiles, Directed infrared countermeasures, Semiconductor lasers, Sensors, Carbon dioxide lasers, Electrons

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Proceedings Article | 26 September 2007 Paper

An accurate modeling, simulation, and analysis tool for predicting and estimating Raman LIDAR system performance

Robert Grasso, Leonard Russo, John Barrett, Jefferson Odhner, Paul Egbert

Proceedings Volume 6681, 66810D (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.734504

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Raman scattering, Molecules, LIDAR, Nitrogen, Signal to noise ratio, Scattering, Atmospheric modeling, Performance modeling, Data modeling

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Proceedings Article | 12 September 2007 Paper

Occluded target viewing and identification high-resolution 2D imaging laser radar

Robert Grasso, George Dippel, Kristen Cecchetti, John Wikman, David Drouin, Paul Egbert

Proceedings Volume 6661, 66610C (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.734558

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Imaging systems, Long wavelength infrared, Pulsed laser operation, Sensors, Target detection, LIDAR, Target recognition, Forward looking infrared, Infrared imaging

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Proceedings Article | 1 September 2006 Paper

A model and simulation to predict 3D imaging LADAR sensor systems performance in real-world type environments

Robert Grasso, George Dippel, Leonard Russo

Proceedings Volume 6303, 63030H (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.679625

KEYWORDS: 3D modeling, LIDAR, Target detection, Atmospheric modeling, Sensors, Signal to noise ratio, Systems modeling, Imaging systems, Performance modeling, Backscatter

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Proceedings Article | 21 October 2005 Paper

A novel low-cost targeting system (LCTS) based upon a high-resolution 2D imaging laser radar

Robert Grasso, Jefferson Odhner, John Wikman, Fred Skaluba, George Dippel, Robert McDaniel, David Ferrell, William Seibel

Proceedings Volume 5988, 59880L (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.630525

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Imaging systems, Target detection, Pulsed laser operation, Sensors, Forward looking infrared, Long wavelength infrared, Target designation, Gated imaging, Target recognition

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Proceedings Article | 21 October 2005 Paper

A model and simulation to predict the performance of angle-angle-range 3D flash LADAR imaging sensor systems

Robert Grasso, Jefferson Odhner, Leonard Russo, Robert McDaniel

Proceedings Volume 5988, 598807 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.630517

KEYWORDS: 3D modeling, LIDAR, Signal to noise ratio, Target detection, Systems modeling, Atmospheric modeling, Imaging systems, Sensors, Performance modeling, Backscatter

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BAE SYSTEMS reports on a program to develop a high-fidelity model and simulation to predict the performance of angle-angle-range 3D flash LADAR Imaging Sensor systems. 3D Flash LADAR is the latest evolution of laser radar systems and provides unique capability in its ability to provide high-resolution LADAR imagery upon a single laser pulse; rather than constructing an image from multiple pulses as with conventional scanning LADAR systems. However, accurate methods to model and simulate performance from these 3D LADAR systems have been lacking, relying upon either single pixel LADAR performance or extrapolating from passive detection FPA performance. The model and simulation developed and reported here is expressly for 3D angle-angle-range imaging LADAR systems. To represent an accurate "real world" type environment, this model and simulation accounts for: 1) laser pulse shape; 2) detector array size; 3) atmospheric transmission; 4) atmospheric backscatter; 5) atmospheric turbulence; 6) obscurants, and; 7) obscurant path length. The angle-angle-range 3D flash LADAR model and simulation accounts for all pixels in the detector array by modeling and accounting for the non-uniformity of each individual pixel in the array. Here, noise sources are modeled based upon their pixel-to-pixel statistical variation. A cumulative probability function is determined by integrating the normal distribution with respect to detector gain, and, for each pixel, a random number is compared with the cumulative probability function resulting in a different gain for each pixel within the array. In this manner very accurate performance is determined pixel-by-pixel. Model outputs are in the form of 3D images of the far-field distribution across the array as intercepted by the target, gain distribution, power distribution, average signal-to-noise, and probability of detection across the array. Other outputs include power distribution from a target, signal-to-noise vs. range, probability of target detection and identification, and NEP vs. gain.

Proceedings Article | 23 August 2005 Paper

Novel linear phase conjugation atmospheric turbulence compensation concept based upon real-time interactive media sampling holography for target-in-the-loop

Robert Grasso, Leonard Russo, Robert McDaniel

Proceedings Volume 5895, 589504 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.610946

KEYWORDS: Holograms, Spatial light modulators, Staring arrays, Phase conjugation, Holography, Atmospheric turbulence, Atmospheric propagation, Electronics, Signal to noise ratio, Laser energy

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Proceedings Article | 20 August 2005 Paper

A polyspectral LADAR optical breakscreen projectile sensor for reactive countermeasure queuing

Robert Grasso, Patricia Bodan, M. Smith, Jefferson Odhner, Eldon Sutphin, John McNeil, Robert McDaniel

Proceedings Volume 5871, 58710H (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.611186

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Receivers, LIDAR, Electronics, Transmitters, Radar, Calibration, Velocity measurements, Integrated optics, Systems modeling

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Proceedings Article | 8 December 2004 Paper

Laser radar range and detection performance for MEMS corner cube retroreflector arrays

Robert Grasso, Jefferson Odhner, Hamilton Stewart, Robert McDaniel

Proceedings Volume 5614, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581776

KEYWORDS: Retroreflectors, Sensors, Signal to noise ratio, Microelectromechanical systems, Atmospheric sensing, LIDAR, Telecommunications, Receivers, Backscatter, Reflectivity

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Proceedings Article | 4 November 2004 Paper

A model and simulation to predict the performance of angle-angle-range 3D flash ladar imaging sensor systems

Robert Grasso, Jefferson Odhner, Leonard Russo, Robert McDaniel

Proceedings Volume 5575, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.565541

KEYWORDS: 3D modeling, LIDAR, Signal to noise ratio, Target detection, Systems modeling, Imaging systems, Atmospheric modeling, Sensors, Performance modeling, Backscatter

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Proceedings Article | 12 January 2004 Paper

Laser radar range and detection performance for MEMS corner cube retroreflector arrays

Robert Grasso, Steven Jost, M. Smith, Robert McDaniel

Proceedings Volume 5240, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.519711

KEYWORDS: Retroreflectors, Sensors, Signal to noise ratio, Microelectromechanical systems, LIDAR, Receivers, Backscatter, Reflectivity, Scattering, Atmospheric sensing

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Proceedings Article | 28 December 1999 Paper

OASYS laser radar characterization of natural and manmade terrestrial features

Robert Grasso, Adam Pratty, Christopher Vann, Clinton Stimson, James Ackleson

Proceedings Volume 3870, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.373226

KEYWORDS: LIDAR, Reflectivity, Semiconductor lasers, Data acquisition, Visualization, Databases, Radar imaging, Polarization, Heads up displays, Laser systems engineering

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Proceedings Article | 15 January 1998 Paper

Linear phase conjugation for atmospheric aberration compensation

Robert Grasso, Eddy Stappaerts

Proceedings Volume 3219, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.298058

KEYWORDS: Atmospheric propagation, Phase conjugation, Spatial light modulators, Atmospheric turbulence, Laser energy, Laser development, Silicon, Wavefronts

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Showing 5 of 19 publications

Proceedings Volume Editor (11)

SPIE Conference Volume | 14 November 2023

Technologies for Optical Countermeasures XIX

SPIE Conference Volume | 5 December 2022

High-Power Lasers and Technologies for Optical Countermeasures

SPIE Conference Volume | 6 October 2021

Technologies for Optical Countermeasures XVIII and High-Power Lasers: Technology and Systems, Platforms, Effects V

SPIE Conference Volume | 7 October 2020

Technologies for Optical Countermeasures XVII; and High-Power Lasers: Technology and Systems, Platforms, Effects IV

SPIE Conference Volume | 1 November 2019

Technologies for Optical Countermeasures XVI

Showing 5 of 11 publications

Conference Committee Involvement (48)

High-Power Lasers and Technologies for Optical Countermeasures III

15 September 2025 | Madrid, Spain

High-Power Lasers and Technologies for Optical Countermeasures II

16 September 2024 | Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Technologies for Optical Countermeasures XIX

5 September 2023 | Amsterdam, Netherlands

Electro-Optical Remote Sensing XVI

6 September 2022 | Berlin, Germany

High-Power Lasers and Technologies for Optical Countermeasures

6 September 2022 | Berlin, Germany

Terahertz Emitters, Receivers, and Applications XIII

21 August 2022 | San Diego, California, United States

Technologies for Optical Countermeasures XVIII and High Power Lasers: Technology and Systems, Platforms, Effects V

13 September 2021 | Online Only, Spain

Terahertz Emitters, Receivers, and Applications XII

2 August 2021 | San Diego, California, United States

Technologies for Optical Countermeasures XVII; and High-Power Lasers: Technology and Systems, Platforms, Effects IV

22 September 2020 | Online Only, United Kingdom

Electro-Optical Remote Sensing XIV

21 September 2020 | Online Only, United Kingdom

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans IX

24 August 2020 | Online Only, California, United States

Terahertz Emitters, Receivers, and Applications XI

24 August 2020 | Online Only, California, United States

Technologies for Optical Countermeasures XVI

10 September 2019 | Strasbourg, France

Electro-Optical Remote Sensing XIII

9 September 2019 | Strasbourg, France

Optical Sensing, Imaging, and Photon Counting: From X-Rays to THz 2019

14 August 2019 | San Diego, California, United States

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans VIII

13 August 2019 | San Diego, California, United States

Terahertz Emitters, Receivers, and Applications X

11 August 2019 | San Diego, California, United States

Electro-Optical Remote Sensing

12 September 2018 | Berlin, Germany

Technologies for Optical Countermeasures

10 September 2018 | Berlin, Germany

Optical Sensing, Imaging, and Photon Counting: From X-Rays to THz

22 August 2018 | San Diego, California, United States

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans VII

20 August 2018 | San Diego, California, United States

Terahertz Emitters, Receivers, and Applications IX

19 August 2018 | San Diego, California, United States

Quantum Sensing and Nano Electronics and Photonics XV

28 January 2018 | San Francisco, California, United States

Technologies for Optical Countermeasures

12 September 2017 | Warsaw, Poland

Electro-Optical Remote Sensing

11 September 2017 | Warsaw, Poland

Optical Sensing, Imaging, and Photon Counting: Nanostructured Devices and Applications 2017

9 August 2017 | San Diego, California, United States

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans VI

8 August 2017 | San Diego, California, United States

Terahertz Emitters, Receivers, and Applications VIII

6 August 2017 | San Diego, California, United States

Technologies for Optical Countermeasures

27 September 2016 | Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Electro-Optical Remote Sensing

26 September 2016 | Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Optical Sensing, Imaging, and Photon Counting: Nanostructured Devices and Applications 2016

31 August 2016 | San Diego, California, United States

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans V

30 August 2016 | San Diego, California, United States

Terahertz Emitters, Receivers, and Applications VII

28 August 2016 | San Diego, California, United States

Technologies for Optical Countermeasures

23 September 2015 | Toulouse, France

Electro-Optical Remote Sensing, Photonic Technologies, and Applications IX

21 September 2015 | Toulouse, France

Technologies for Optical Countermeasures

24 September 2014 | Amsterdam, Netherlands

Electro-Optical Remote Sensing

22 September 2014 | Amsterdam, Netherlands

Technologies for Optical Countermeasures X

25 September 2013 | Dresden, Germany

Electro-Optical Remote Sensing VII

25 September 2013 | Dresden, Germany

Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans II

26 August 2013 | San Diego, California, United States

Technologies for Optical Countermeasures

26 September 2012 | Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Electro-Optical Remote Sensing

25 September 2012 | Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Technologies for Optical Countermeasures

21 September 2011 | Prague, Czech Republic

Advanced Wavefront Control: Methods, Devices, and Applications VIII

5 August 2010 | San Diego, California, United States

Electro-Optical Remote Sensing

2 September 2009 | Berlin, Germany

Electro-Optical Remote Sensing, Photonic Technologies, and Applications II

15 September 2008 | Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom

Electro-Optical Remote Sensing, Photonic Technologies and their Applications

19 September 2007 | Florence, Italy

Electro-Optical Remote Sensing II

13 September 2006 | Stockholm, Sweden

Showing 5 of 48 Conference Committees

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