Hyperspectral imaging has shown great potential for optical skin analysis by providing noninvasive, pixel-by-pixel surface measurements from which, applying an optical model, information such as melanin concentration and total blood volume fraction can be mapped. Such applications have been successfully performed on small flat skin areas, but existing methods are not suited to large areas such as an organ or a face, due to the difficulty of ensuring homogeneous illumination on complex three-dimensional (3-D) objects, which leads to errors in the maps. We investigate two methods to account for these irradiance variations on a face. The first one relies on a radiometric correction of the irradiance, using 3-D information on the face’s shape acquired by combining the hyperspectral camera with a 3-D scanner; the second relies on an optimization metric used in the map computation, which is invariant to irradiance. We discuss the advantages and drawbacks of the two methods, after having presented in detail the whole acquisition setup, which has been designed to provide high-resolution images with a short acquisition time, as required for live surface measurements of complex 3-D objects such as the face.
Most existing methods using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) to estimate skin chromophore concentrations fail to give an account of scattering properties crucial to many medical applications. To address this limitation, we propose to combine HSI with spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI). Total acquisition time is around five seconds, making the process suitable for in vivo application. Skin absorption and scattering analysis is performed from these images by successive optimizations on the absorption and scattering properties. The problem of shadows occurring on complex shapes such as the face is addressed by an original approach that make results robust to irradiance drift.
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