Turbid water of agricultural reservoir and downstream is getting worse and worse because the soil flows out from current
residential land development and road construction. Sediment loads, which fill the water bodies (lakes, agricultural
reservoir, dams, and aquatic ecosystems) are one of the most important environmental problems throughout the world.
Water turbidity is a commonly used index of the factors that determine light penetration in the water column. Consistent
estimation of water turbidity is crucial to design environmental and restoration management plans, to predict fate of
possible pollutants, and to estimate sedimentary fluxes into the ocean. Traditional methods monitoring fixed
geographical locations at fixed intervals may not be representative of the mean water turbidity in estuaries between
intervals, and can be expensive and time consuming. Although remote sensing offers a good solution to this limitation, it
is still not widely used due in part to required complex processing of imagery. The aims of this study were two folds: to
map water turbidity and estimate water turbidity level based on Landsat imagery. Based on field measurements and
principal component analysis (PCA), was examined the spatial variability of water turbidity in Lake Paldang by using the
Landsat satellite imagery collected on 2001~2007. The result of this study is that when we carried out PCA using
Landsat imagery, water turbidity had contributed at PC 2 which was similar to the in-situ data. A correlation formula
(water turbidity = 0.3169 × PC2 – 21.477, R2 = 0.6319) between the in-situ data and PC2. And we can now use formula to map the water turbidity distribution from the synchronously acquired Landsat imagery, and continue the discussion on
the inverse water turbidity results of the Landsat imagery. Because results from this type of study vary with season and
time of day, it is necessary to monitor continuously in-situ data as well as radiance feature of reflectance in order to
determine accurately the environmental factors of water quality.
KEYWORDS: Solar radiation, Meteorology, Solar radiation models, Solar energy, Atmospheric modeling, Data modeling, Climatology, Climate change, Renewable energy, Statistical analysis
Recent issues of climate changes and natural disasters have brought many changes in world energy utilization. Especially
due to the Japan's earthquake and tsunami, potential of nuclear power have made negative. And thus many countries are
looking for a new renewable energy that can replace. Of which solar energy has emerged as a useful alternative. Under
these circumstances, it is highly desirable that detailed information about the availability of solar radiation on the surface
is essential for the optimum design and study of solar energy systems. And its components at a given location are very
essential. Hence the solar radiation data is one of the key parameters required to be monitored at any meteorological
station. But solar radiation measurements are not easily available due to the cost and maintenance requirements of the
measuring equipment. Therefore, solar resource modeling or mapping is one of the essential tools for proper design,
planning, maintenance and pricing of solar energy system. In this study, the feasibility of a regression model using image
fusion for the prediction of solar energy potential in Republic of Korea was investigated. Meteorological and
geographical data of 22 cities in South Korea for period of 10 years (2001–2011) were used. Meteorological and
geographical data (latitude, longitude, altitude, month, sunshine duration, temperature, and relative humidity) were used
as inputs to the model, while the regional solar radiation was used as the output of the model. The model for evaluating
the spatial and temporal solar radiation was executed for South Korea. The annual mean solar radiation estimates in
South Korea vary from a minimum of 5.48 MJ/m2/day to a maximum of 19.51 MJ/m2/day. Our proposed annual mean
solar radiation is 13.5 MJ/m2/day. These compare favorably with the observed data as expected. This study has shown
that a simple method can accurately predict solar radiation potential in South Korea.
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