The effect of extending the conjugation length, the deployment of various substituents and configurational locking of the
polyene backbone on the second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) response of a series of indoline based compounds has
been investigated. The compounds were examined using Hyper-Rayleigh scattering (HRS) and relative second-harmonic
generation (SHG) techniques with a femtosecond operating system with a 1300 nm fundamental wavelength. All of the
compounds were found to have high molecular hyperpolarizabilities with β values of up to 1230 × 10-30 esu. At the
macroscopic level-for poled polymer thin films-a strong second-order NLO signal has been detected and d33 values of
up to 217 pm/V are found-a response of some ten times greater than that found for the well known azo dye Disperse
Red 1.
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