A multicore Er3+-doped fiber amplifier (MC-EDFA) can be realized by using an amplification medium such as bundled or multi-element Er3+-doped fiber (EDF) and multicore EDF, and employing a discrete pumping or cladding pumping method. In this paper, we report three recently developed MC-EDFAs, which represent all the amplification forms realizable using the amplification medium and pumping method. We also report the importance of an MC-EDFA for constructing a practical long-haul multicore fiber transmission system based on the facts of the progress made on the transmission experiments, and describe further progress on the MC-EDFA.
A multi long-period grating (multi-LPG) sensor has been proposed for distributed sensing. To fabricate the
multi-LPG sensor, a carved LPG has also been proposed for easy fabrication of the multi-LPGs with different resonant
wavelengths in a similar loss spectrum. The 2-LPG sensor was fabricated in a fiber successfully, containing carved and
uncarved LPGs. The resonant wavelength shift was 64 nm by the carving. The temperature dependence of the resonant
wavelength was 0.11 nm/deg, and the temperature distributed sensing was demonstrated to be possible by the 2-LPG
sensor.
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