For the past century, industrial temperature measurements have relied on resistance measurement of a thin metal wire or thin metal film whose resistance varies with temperature. Today’s resistance thermometers can routinely measure temperatures with uncertainties of 10 mK to 100 mK over a broad range of temperatures in varied settings ranging from a stove top to an industrial broiler to a nuclear power plant. However, for all their utility, resistance thermometers remain vulnerable to mechanical and thermal shock and attack from harsh chemicals. The resultant drift in sensor resistance necessitates frequent off-line, expensive, and time-consuming calibrations. These fundamental limitations of resistance thermometry, born of material properties, have generated considerable interest in developing photonic temperature sensors. Photonic approaches hold the promise of leveraging recent advances in frequency metrology and of achieving greater mechanical and environmental robustness. In recent years many groups including ours have demonstrated a suite of photonic devices including silicon photonic devices that can not only meet but exceed the state of art in temperature metrology
Our goal is to develop and characterize optical measurement technology to enable accurate quantification of
greenhouse-gas emissions from distributed sources and sinks. We are constructing a differential absorption LIDAR
(DIAL) system that will be sensitive to the three primary greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide.
Our system uses a high energy optical parametric oscillator (OPO) operating from 1585 nm to 1646 nm. Here we
describe this OPO system and initial characterization of its output. The OPO uses a Rotated Image Singly-Resonant
Twisted RectAngle (RISTRA) design. The commercially available RISTRA cavity is machined from a solid block of
aluminum. The compact single piece cavity design requires no mirror adjustments and image rotation provides efficient
light conversion efficiency and excellent beam quality. The injection seeded OPO has demonstrated total output energy
of 50 mJ/pulse when pumped with 220 mJ/pulse of 1064 nm radiation. The pump laser has a repetition rate variable
from 1 Hz to 100 Hz and a temporal pulse width of 4.2 ns. In the current configuration the seed laser is locked to a mode
of the cavity.
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