Spectral imaging is heavily deployed in plant phenotyping due to its ability to infer aspects of the metabolome; however, observations of individual leaves are confounded by bidirectional reflectance effects. In this paper, we rigorously characterize these effects through the setup and implementation of a polarized Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (pBRDF) Mueller matrix spectropolarimeter. We detail calibration procedures needed to correct for geometric and polarimetric aberrations, and demonstrate the pBRDF measurements for a maize (Zea mays) leaf. Furthermore, we present fixed transmission and reflection-mode measurements to monitor diurnal spectral Mueller-matrix dependencies caused by photosynthesis.
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