Dispersion compensating fibre (DCF) and high NA fibre (HNA) can be fusion spliced to standard communications single mode fibre (SMF) with considerably reduced splice losses if the cores on both sides of the splice are adiabatically diffused. Overall losses of 0.2 dB and 0.05 dB for DCF/SMF and HNA/SMF splices, respectively, have been repeatably achieved with this technique. With an alternative adiabatic splice fattening technique, small diameter fibre (80/5.3 mm) can be fusion spliced to standard communications fibre (125/9.5 mm) with losses as low as 0.6 dB.
The loss and spectral characteristics of fused tapered coupiers depend, respectively, on the taper transition rate and on the size, shape, and length of the coupler waist region. We show how the choice of the fusing and tapering burner is critical in optimizing the behavior of three different coupler types: the single-wavelength splitter, the wavelength division multiplexer, and the wavelength-independent coupler.
A design procedure for triple-clad dispersion-flattened single-mode fibers is developed. Following this procedure, fibers are identified that have lower dopant concentrations in the core than those of previous dispersion-modified fiber designs, a second-mode cutoff wavelength close to the lower operating wavelength of 1300 nm, zeros of dispersion at 1300 and 1550 nm, a small bending loss at 1550nm (for a bend radius of 5.0 cm), and spot sizes that are large enough not to compromise the splicing loss.
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