Dr. Christopher Saltonstall Profile

Dr. Christopher Saltonstall

at Sandia National Labs

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Proceedings Article | 7 June 2024 Presentation + Paper

Novel algorithm development for event-based sensing deployment

C. Bjorn Kjellstrand, Lilian Casias, Kaylin Hagopian, Christian Pattyn, Christopher Saltonstall, Joshua Shank

Proceedings Volume 13040, 1304003 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3013043

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Histograms, Algorithm development, Laser frequency, Visualization, Detection and tracking algorithms, Pulsed laser operation, Signal detection, Tunable filters

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Event-based sensors (EBS) consist of a pixelated focal plane array in which each pixel is an independent asynchronous change detector. The analog asynchronous array is read by a synchronous digital readout and written to disk. As a result, EBS pixels consume minimal power and bandwidth unless the scene changes. Furthermore, the change detectors have a very large dynamic range (~120 dB) and rapid response time (~20 us). A framing camera with comparable speed requires ~3 orders of magnitude more power and ~2 orders of magnitude higher bandwidth. These features make EBS an appealing technology for proliferation detection applications. Remote sensing deployed in the field requires low power, low bandwidth, and low complexity algorithms. EBS inherently allows for low power and low bandwidth, but a drawback of event-based sensors is the lack of mature image analysis algorithms. While analysis of conventional imagers draws from decades of image processing algorithms, EBS data is a fundamentally different format; a series of x, y, asynchronous time, and polarization change (increase/decrease) as opposed to x, y, and intensity at a regularly sampled framerate. To leverage the advantages of EBS over conventional imagers, our team has worked to develop and refine image processing algorithms that use EBS data directly. We will discuss these efforts, including frequency and phase detection. We will also discuss the field applications of these algorithms such as degraded visual environments (e.g., fog) and defeating laser dazzling attempts.

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