Periodically poled ferroelectric crystals form highly efficient quasi-phase matched optical frequency conversion devices.
For optimal performance of such devices, accurate period and duty-cycle are required throughout the poled region. For
the quality evaluation we demonstrate a simple and a powerful technique using far-field diffraction measurement.
Periodically poled lithium niobates were fabricated and etched out to reveal a surface-relief grating. The far-field
diffraction pattern was analyzed to obtain statistical information for the duty-cycle. We explored the equivalence
between the linear diffraction experiment and the conventional second-harmonic generation method for poling quality
evaluation, through the Fourier-transform of the spatial modulation of domains.
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