Real-time imaging of ultrashort events on picosecond timescales has proven pivotal in unveiling various fundamental mechanisms in physics, chemistry, and biology. Current single-shot ultrafast imaging schemes operate only at conventional optical wavelengths, being suitable solely within an optically transparent framework. Here, leveraging on the unique penetration capability of terahertz radiation, we demonstrate a single-shot ultrafast imaging system that can capture multiple frames of a complex ultrafast scene in non-transparent media with sub-picosecond temporal resolutions. By multiplexing an optical probe beam in both the time and spatial-frequency domains, we encode the terahertz-captured dynamics into distinct spatial-frequency regions of a multiplexed optical image, which is then computationally decoded and reconstructed. Our approach opens up the investigation of non-repeatable or destructive events that occur in optically-opaque scenarios.
Bringing ultrafast temporal resolution to transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has historically been challenging. Despite significant recent progress in this direction, it remains difficult to achieve sub-nanosecond temporal resolution with a single electron pulse imaging. To address this limitation, here, we propose a methodology that combines laserassisted TEM with computational imaging methodologies based on compressed sensing (CS). In this technique, a twodimensional (2D) transient event [i.e. (x, y) frames that vary in time] is recorded through a CS paradigm. The 2D streak image generated on a camera is used to reconstruct the datacube of the ultrafast event, with two spatial and one temporal dimensions, via a CS-based image reconstruction algorithm. Using numerical simulation, we find that the reconstructed results are in good agreement with the ground truth, which demonstrates the applicability of CS-based computational imaging methodologies to laser-assisted TEM. Our proposed method, complementing the existing ultrafast stroboscopic and nanosecond single-shot techniques, opens up the possibility for single-shot, spatiotemporal imaging of irreversible structural phenomena with sub-nanosecond temporal resolution.
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