The United States Extremely Large Telescope Program (US-ELTP) is a joint initiative of the organizations building the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) and the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) and the NSF National Optical and Infrared Astronomy Lab, NOIRLab. The US-ELTP will provide the US astronomical community with open access to observing and archival science with the GMT and TMT via a user services platform supporting the entire lifecycle of scientific inquiry. In this contribution, we summarize the status of the development and design of the program’s components, highlighting key advances and remaining technical challenges, and describing the next steps in bringing this initiative to fruition.
KEYWORDS: Observatories, Telescopes, Thirty Meter Telescope, Astronomy, Large telescopes, Equipment, Data archive systems, Observational astronomy, Imaging spectroscopy, Data processing
The US Extremely Large Telescope Program (US-ELTP) is a joint initiative of the organizations building the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) and the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), and the NSF National Optical- Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory (NOIRLab). The US-ELTP will enable all U.S. astronomers to carry out transformational research that fully leverages the diverse capabilities of both the GMT and TMT, as well as the two-hemisphere system. In this paper, we present an overview of the program’s scientific goals, the high-level roles and responsibilities of the US-ELTP partners, and the operating modalities of the joint program, including science and engineering operations for science investigators and archival research support.
KEYWORDS: Data archive systems, Astronomical software, Web services, Telescopes, Observatories, Large telescopes, Astronomy, Analytical research, Data analysis, Interfaces
The United States Extremely Large Telescope Program (US-ELTP) is a joint effort of three organizations: the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) International Observatory (TIO), the Giant Magellan Telescope Corporation (GMTO), and the U.S. National Science Foundation National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory (NSF NOIRLab). The US-ELTP will provide US astronomers with access to observing and archival science with the GMT and TMT. A user services suite and integrated data management and science platform, the US-ELT NOIRLab Program Platform (NPP), is being developed by NOIRLab; its scope, conceptual architecture, and development progress are described here. The NPP leverages community best practices and lessons from existing and upcoming facilities such as the International Gemini Observatory, the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, and the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) and is guided by inclusive and collaborative design principles to broaden access to GMT and TMT. The NPP will support the creation of proposal and observing programs, scheduling and execution of observations, data archival and automated data reduction, and exploratory data analysis. The system, its support, extensive documentation, and ample training will be guided by regular community surveys and interviews with a diverse range of community members, and, eventually, through usability testing based on prototypes and mockups.
Gemini Observatory is a ground-based international observatory with 8.1 m telescopes in each hemisphere to provide all-sky coverage. We offer optical and IR imaging and spectroscopy. Laser adaptive optics systems provide near diffraction-limited image quality, taking advantage of our two excellent observing sites (Maunakea and Cerro Pachón). Each telescope keeps three of our larger suite of instruments mounted on the telescope at all times and switches between them routinely during the night. The nighttime operations are all conducted remotely from our base facilities located approximately one hour from the summits. Science Operations is responsible for the routine operation of the established instruments and is heavily involved in the commissioning phases of new instruments. We offer multiple avenues to request observing time (standard semester calls, annual calls for long and large programs, monthly calls for fast turnaround, and an always-available director’s discretionary time) and multiple ways to observe (classical, queue, eavesdropping). Here, we will describe our operation model — how we manage and meet the challenges of the nightly/daily science operations.
KEYWORDS: Data archive systems, Thirty Meter Telescope, Telescopes, Visualization, Observatories, Large telescopes, Data analysis, Data visualization, Data processing, Observational astronomy
The US Extremely Large Telescope Program (US-ELTP) will enable all US astronomers to carry out transformational research that takes full advantage of the diverse capabilities of both the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) and the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) as parts of a two-hemisphere system. The US-ELT Program Platform (UPP), the NSF’s NOIRLab software suite, will provide the majority of the services to support the entire Scientific Data Life Cycle (SDLC) from submission of proposals to data reduction, analysis, and publication. We present an overview of the high-level vision for the Data Reduction and Analysis Workspace (DRAW), as well as a description of its main functionalities, that will be part of the UPP. DRAW will provide data reduction services, data analysis tools, access to databases, and other services to the scientific community, including researchers at under-resourced institutions. DRAW’s purpose is to facilitate and support the creation, archival, and curation of GMT/TMT science data products and ensure their legacy value.
As part of GRACES (Gemini Remote Access to CFHT ESPaDOnS Spectrograph), a project to link the Gemini-North telescope to the ESPaDOnS (Echelle Polarimetric Device for the Observation of Stars) spectrograph at CFHT (Canada- France-Hawaii Telescope), the original thermal enclosure of the spectrograph needed to be modified. Although the modifications were slight, there was a significant possibility that the thermal stability of ESPaDOnS would be somewhat compromised. To eliminate this risk, a walk-in thermal enclosure was purchased and installed around the ESPaDOnS spectrograph as part of the GRACES project. The thermal impact of these modifications to the ESPaDOnS environment will be analyzed and the effect of the changes on the amplitude and behavior of the spectral drift for the ESPaDOnS and GRACES instruments will be examined. While the outer enclosure has reduced the extremes in thermal variation, this has not had a direct effect on the stability of the spectra.
The Gemini Remote Access to CFHT ESPaDONS Spectrograph has achieved first light of its experimental phase in May
2014. It successfully collected light from the Gemini North telescope and sent it through two 270 m optical fibers to the
the ESPaDOnS spectrograph at CFHT to deliver high-resolution spectroscopy across the optical region. The fibers gave
an average focal ratio degradation of 14% on sky, and a maximum transmittance of 85% at 800nm. GRACES achieved
delivering spectra with a resolution power of R = 40,000 and R = 66,000 between 400 and 1,000 nm. It has a ~8%
throughput and is sensitive to target fainter than 21st mag in 1 hour. The average acquisition time of a target is around 10 min. This project is a great example of a productive collaboration between two observatories on Maunakea that was
successful due to the reciprocal involvement of the Gemini, CFHT, and NRC Herzberg teams, and all the staff involved
closely or indirectly.
Gemini South's instrument suite has been completely transformed since our last biennial update. We commissioned
the Gemini Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics System (GeMS) and its associated Gemini South Adaptive Optics
Imager (GSAOI) as well as Flamingos-2, our long-slit and multi-object infrared imager and spectrograph, and the
Gemini Planet Imager (GPI). We upgraded the CCDs in GMOS-S, our multi-object optical imager and spectrograph,
with the GMOS-N CCD upgrade scheduled for 2015. Our next instrument, the Gemini High-resolution Optical
SpecTrograph (GHOST) is in its preliminary design stage and we are making plans for the instrument to
follow:Gen4#3.
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