Simulations of terahertz signals in the time or frequency domain focus on the photoconductive antenna (PCA). However, they lack a simpler and more accurate simulation technology for PCA, which plays a crucial role in designing and optimizing detectors. Such work is essential in terahertz imaging and time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). This work simulates an incident terahertz wave by introducing a three-dimensional (3-D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation in the form of a total field to scattering field. This wave is pretreated as a plane wave that is incident on the receiver. The equation of carrier dynamics with semiconductor charge and transport is solved by using the 3-D full-wave FDTD method. A center surface current method is used to calculate the time-varying conductivity. A sampling electric field was used to evaluate the photocurrent. They were obtained by convolving the main time-varying photoconductivity of the photoexcited carrier distribution on the cross-section in the middle of the gap of a PCA receiver. Then, we compare these simulations with previously reported data from an incident terahertz signal. In addition, we simulated the detection characteristics with other results in the literature. Our simulation tool can accurately reproduce these data sets. These simulations can be used to design and optimize the receiving performance of different PCAs structures before costly fabrication has commenced.
In order to obtain the terahertz detection signal as accurately as possible, a numerical simulation tool for terahertz signal reception is developed in this paper. The numerical simulation tool with the full-wave finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method in three dimensions (3D) that couple multi-physics together is capable of getting the Terahertz detection signals. The carrier distribution effect of the incident femtosecond laser interacting with terahertz on the detector is analyzed briefly, and the simulation tool is validated by comparing the incident terahertz signal with the detected terahertz signal by using the low temperature growth GaAs substrate. The results show that the simulation tool developed in this paper is of great significance to the terahertz detection of micro-structure photoconductive antenna.
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