KEYWORDS: Liquids, Oxygen, Chlorine, Chemical oxygen iodine lasers, Chemical lasers, Chemical engineering, Chemical analysis, Structural design, Particles, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
Singlet oxygen generator (SOG) is the key part of chemical oxygen iodine laser (COIL) which supplies chemical energy for chemical oxygen iodine laser. A novel pre-swirling jet singlet oxygen generator (PJSOG) with rapid separation technology is put forward. In this paper, experimental performances of PJSOG have been studied by means of theoretical and experimental analysis. With excellent phase dispersion and rapid separation performances, PJSOG has several or several decade times specific area than traditional SOGs and high separation efficiency. It can reach more than 95% chlorine utilization and about 60% O2 ( 1Δ) yield. The operating stability has also been studied in this paper. The stable running time of PJSOG increased with liquid flow structure improvement. With high separation efficiency, high O2 ( 1Δ) output coefficient, high utilization coefficient of Cl2 and excellent operating stability, the novel PJSOG must be a promising technology in further research.
Separation performance of a new spray-type singlet oxygen generator (SOG), named strongly swirling flow singlet oxygen generator (SSF-SOG), is studied by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and experiments. The flow field and the separation performance of the SSF-SOG are analyzed using Fluent® soft firstly, and the results show that the separation performance of SSF-SOG is effective for liquid droplets whose diameters are greater than 5μm. Then, using Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA), the diameters of liquid droplets in reaction zone and gas outlet of SSF-SOG are measured. The results show that in the reaction zone the diameters of the liquid droplets mainly concentrated on 10μm, and only a little of droplets of which the diameter are under 5μm are detected in the gas outlet of SSF-SOG, which are well consistent with the results of the CFD analysis on SSF-SOG.
Two electrochemical methods for regeneration of Basic Hydrogen Peroxide (BHP) were investigated in this paper, which could be called one-step method and two-step method, respectively, distinguished by the number of steps during the regeneration process. The one-step method converts potassium chloride solution and oxygen directly to chlorine and BHP by a modified chlor-alkali cell with an oxygen cathode. For the one-step method, two reactors of different structure and corresponding regenerating process were designed. The experimental results showed that, for the continuous-type reactor, the highest peroxide concentration was 0.042 mol/L, while for batch-type reactor the highest peroxide concentration was 0.563 mol/L. The two-step method accomplishes the regeneration of BHP by a conventional chlor-alkali cell combined with a fuel cell reactor which could convert hydrogen and oxygen to peroxide in alkaline potassium hydroxide solution. A peroxide concentration of 2.450 mol/L was obtained for the two-step method.
With the laser power and operation time increasing, the surface distortion of the laser cavity mirrors has been a critical problem to be resolved. In order to maintain the mirror shape under intense laser irradiation, in this paper, a new type of micro channel silicon water cooled mirror is given. The water cooled mirror includes three layers, the first layer is mirror seat made of Invar materials with water inlet and outlet, the second layer is water manifold unit made of silicon with millimeter channels; the third layer is reflection plate with micro-channels. These three layers are bonded together by vacuum soldering. Then the thickness of the reflection plate is reduced to 0.5mm by grinding, and polished by traditional pitch polishing method. In order to reduce the coating stress, conventional all dielectric coating is replaced by a metal dielectric film stack. At last, a 100mm×100mm water cooled mirror is fabricated with surface figure 0.22λ@632.8 nm. The mirror surface distortion is 0.12λ、0.24λ、0.33 λ respectively corresponding to 7.3w/cm2 、11.9 w/cm2 、17.6 w/cm2 heat load.
High press, gravity-independent, singlet oxygen generator (HGSOG) [1] with small reaction zone and high chemical efficiency was designed and fabricated. The mixing, reaction and separation processes happened simultaneously in the reaction zone of HGSOG. The size and the configuration of reaction zone are very important for HGSOG. In this paper, p-τ value was calculated to determine the upper limit of the volume of reaction zone. The condition of gas-liquid separation was calculated to determine the lower limit of the volume of reaction zone. The utilization rate of Cl2 achieved 90% and the yield of O2(1Δ) reached 70%.
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