In this paper, a optical fiber magnetic field sensor with the tapered twin-core photonic crystal fiber coupling structure has been presented and experimentally demonstrated. The magnetic fluid(MF) was injected into the air hole between two parallel fiber cores of the photonic crystal fiber, and then the two fiber cores of the twin-core photonic crystal fiber infiltrated with MF were tapered horizontally. A total reflection film was plated on the end face of the fusion cone of the twin-core photonic crystal fiber. The guided light was transmitted from the input port to the pull-cone area of the fiber, reflected by the reflection end face after mode coupling, and finally reflected from the output port to the output fiber. According to the above light transmission mode of reflective fiber coupler, The magnetic field measurement principle was studied, which the coupling region of twin-core photonic crystal fiber had been injected MF. The change of the effective refractive index will lead to the central wavelength shift of the fiber magnetic field coupler, and the magnetic field is measured by inquiring the wavelength shift of the transmission spectrum. The magnetic field response characteristics of the sensor were studied and analyzed through experiments. The experimental results show that the sensitivity of this method can reach 116pm/Oe. The fiber magnetic field sensor has the advantages of miniaturization, high sensitivity, and no electromagnetic interference. The magnetic field sensor can be widely used in the field of aviation, military, transportation, medicine and other fields of magnetic field accurate measurement.
The optical fiber temperature sensor based on the coupling mechanism of the miniature pull-tapered dual-core photonic crystal fiber has been designed. The dual-core photonic crystal fiber coupling structure was realized by tapering the two cores of the dual-core photonic crystal fiber transversely. At the same time, the end surface of the fusion taper of the dual-core photonic crystal fiber was plated with a total reflection film, thereby a reflective dual-core micro-fiber pulltaper coupler developed. According to the above-mentioned reflective fiber coupler light guide transmission mode, combined with optical waveguide theory, the coupling mechanism of the dual-core photonic crystal fiber was studied, and the relationship between the structure of the dual-core photonic crystal fiber coupler and its light guide characteristics is studied. The increase of the effective refractive index and the coupling length will cause the centerwavelength of the fiber coupler to shift to the long wavelength direction, and the increase of the coupling diameter will cause the center wavelength of the fiber coupler to shift to the short wavelength direction. Based on the above mechanism, an optical fiber temperature sensor based on a miniaturized dual-core photonic crystal fiber coupling structure was developed, and the temperature response characteristics of the sensor were studied and analyzed through experiments. The experimental results show that the measurement temperature range of the miniaturized dual-core photonic crystal fiber temperature sensor can be from 96°C to 1425°C ,and the temperature sensitivity is 0.024nm/°C. The miniaturized dual-core photonic crystal fiber temperature sensor has the advantages of miniaturization, large range, high sensitivity, and immunity to electromagnetic interference.
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