KEYWORDS: Cameras, Adaptive control, Light sources and illumination, Histograms, CMOS sensors, Night vision, Electric fields, Sensors, Power supplies, Image processing
Based on the working environment and characteristics of EBAPS cameras, a theoretical analysis is conducted on the relationship between camera exposure time, bias voltage, and image brightness information. An adaptive control method based on histogram feature function is proposed and implemented in the camera. Firstly, multi-point metering is used to extract regions of interest, and variable exposure time adjustment steps and bias voltage adjustment steps are designed to reduce the system metering calculation while improving the convergence speed and stability of EBAPS camera adaptive adjustment. The experimental results show that when the light intensity varies within the range of 10-4Lux to 100 Lux, the EBAPS camera can automatically adjust two parameters included bias voltage and exposure time, to stabilize the brightness of the output image, improve the image information entropy and the dynamic range of the camera. This method can also provide reference for subsequent image recognition and target tracking.
Because of the non-uniform response generated during the development of EBCMOS( Electron Bombardment Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor), the images with non-uniform stripe noise is outputted by EBCMOS in low light environment, which seriously reduces the imaging quality of EBCMOS and has become an urgent problem to be solved. To solve this problem, the reason of stripe noise generation is analyzed, the image processing algorithm based on least squares linear correction model is implemented on FPGA, and the experimentation is completed. According to the result of experiment, this algorithm can eliminate the stripe noise of EBCMOS, and the non-uniformity of the processed image is reduced by almost 75% compared to the pre-processed image, the correction effect is fine.
Electron Bombardment Active Pixel Sensor (EBAPS) can work in photosensitive mode and electrical sensitive mode due to the special doping mode of CMOS. In both operating modes, after the target signal passes through the photoelectric conversion, gain and readout process of the EBAPS device, the readout signal needs to exceed the noise generated by the device to ensure the distinguishable output image. However, in the process of conversion and multiplication of the target signal, noise will inevitably be introduced. The noise will be amplified along with the signal, causing distortion or attenuation of the original signal, thus interfering with the quality of the output image and affecting human observation. Therefore, it is necessary to study the noise characteristics of EBAPS as a key factor affecting the imaging quality. For the development of high-performance EBAPS devices, this paper focuses on the noise characteristics of detection and imaging under different operating modes. By analyzing the working principle of EBAPS devices in different working modes, the noise sources that affect the imaging quality are obtained. In photosensitive mode, the noise of EBAPS is consistent with that of ordinary CMOS image sensor. These noises are mainly affected by CMOS process level, ambient temperature, working time and other factors, and can usually be removed by image processing algorithms. In the electric sensitive mode, the noise of EBAPS mainly comes from GaAs photocathode and the electron multiplication process of CMOS. These noises can be suppressed by reducing the working temperature, improving the surface defects and cleanliness during the chip preparation, and improving the doping process of the substrate. According to the noise generation mechanism, the noise suppression methods are proposed to obtain a high SNR digital output image. The above research provides some references for the following research on noise characteristics and noise reduction methods of digital low light level devices.
KEYWORDS: Optical filters, Technology, Night vision, Image filtering, Electron multiplying charge coupled devices, Design and modelling, Cameras, Image processing, Digital filtering, Color imaging
Advanced night vision technology can realize the "one-way transparent" situation to the enemy in night battle, which plays a decisive role in local confrontation. However, traditional high vacuum and low light level night vision devices based on analog signals have inherent functional limitations of not being able to share in real time and enhance processing. Meanwhile, in order to give full play to the visual characteristics of human eyes, new digital and colorized night vision imaging devices have become the mainstream direction of current development. Based on the basic principle of low light level devices, this paper summarizes the research of digital color low light level technology and makes technical prospects.
KEYWORDS: Image processing, Image enhancement, Image information entropy, Night vision, Digital image processing, Digital Light Processing, Detection and tracking algorithms, Visualization, Optoelectronics, Infrared technology
When the classical gray stretching algorithm is applied in digital low light level devices, it cannot meet the requirements of illumination environment change in large dynamic range, and the image processed under very low illumination or very high illumination is prone to the loss of target details, an adaptive gray stretching algorithm suitable for digital low light level devices is designed. The algorithm adds the variable of the brightness value of the original image information collected by the digital low light level device to the gray stretching transformation matrix, deduces the current environmental illuminance value according to the transformation of the brightness value, timely adjusts the relevant parameters in the gray stretching calculation matrix according to the environmental illuminance value, and obtains the gray stretching transformation matrix suitable for different image features under different illuminance environments, In order to meet the requirement that digital low light level devices should be suitable for the change of illumination environment in a large dynamic range. This paper also compares the adaptive algorithm with the classical algorithm, and gives the test results. At the end of the paper, the operation efficiency of the algorithm is tested to verify that the algorithm can meet the requirements of real-time image processing speed of digital low light level devices.
Aiming at the problem of the lack of comprehensive and objective evaluation methods for near-infrared and low-light-level multi-band fusion images, this paper proposes a multi-dimensional fusion image quality evaluation model that conforms to the interpretation habits of the human visual system. Firstly, the multi-source fusion image quality of low illumination CMOS, ICCD, EBAPS devices and near-infrared InGaAs detector is subjectively evaluated. Secondly, 14 classical evaluation indexes such as information entropy, mean gradient, mutual information and structure similarity are combined. The parameters of each index are dynamically adjusted, and finally an objective evaluation model is established based on the linear regression model. The SROCC, KROCC, PLCC and RMSE values of the optimized objective evaluation model and subjective evaluation score are 0.88, 0.72, 0.89 and 0.38, respectively, indicating that the accuracy and stability evaluation effect of the objective model is better. It solves the limitation of single factor evaluation index and realizes the comprehensive and objective quality evaluation of multi-source detector fusion image, which provides theoretical support and decision basis for the selection of night vision camera in complex illumination environment and the data fusion of multi-detector in low illumination condition. < <
The color information in the true color low light level night vision image is the true restoration of the visible light color information reflected by the scene itself. Compared with the gray-scale level image and the false color image, it can obtain more abundant image information, which is more in line with the observation habit of the human eye and reduce the fatigue of the human eye. Under the background of information war, aiming at the multi-functional, all-weather, information sharing and transmission characteristics of new type of low light level equipment for single soldier, the requirements of digitalization, high integration and low power consumption are put forward for the true color low light level night vision technology. In this paper, the research progress of real color digital night vision technology is reviewed: firstly, the classification of color night vision technology is introduced; then, the foreign true color digital night vision products represented by French photonis company, Japanese komamura company and American SPI Infrared company are summarized, included the technology route and development level of the true color digital night vision technology; finally, three issues that need to be considered in the realization of low light level night vision true color technology are proposed.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.