The Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System (GSICS) is a critical space component of the Global Earth Observation
System of Systems (GEOSS) that provides users with high-quality inter-calibrated satellite radiances. In an early
development, GSICS has implemented the inter-calibration of imaging instruments on geostationary (GEO) satellites
with hyperspectral sounding instruments AIRS and IASI on Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. This paper summarizes
the major components and the theoretical basis of the baseline algorithm that is common to all implementations, and
demonstrates the initial impact of the GSICS Correction.
The Japanese Advanced Meteorological Imager (JAMI) was developed by Raytheon and delivered to Space Systems/Loral as the Imager Subsystem for Japan's MTSAT-1R satellite. MTSAT-1R was launched from the Tanegashima Space Center on 2005 February 26 and became formally operational on 2005 June 28. This paper compares in-flight performance of JAMI with predictions made before launch. The performance areas discussed include radiometric sensitivity (NEDT and SNR) versus spectral channel, calibration accuracy versus spectral channel derived from comparisons of JAMI and AIRS measurements and image navigation and registration.
We performed a preliminary experiment of assimilating TMI total column precipitable water (TCPW) into the global numerical weather prediction (NWP) system. TCPW was not produced as a TMI standard product. Hence, we retrieved it from the brightness temperature over the ocean using the Meteorological Satellite Center algorithm, which will be the standard TCPW retrieval algorithm for AMSR on board ADEOS- II. The analysis method of the NWP system used in the experiment was 3D optimum interpolation (3D-OI), and TCPW data couldn't be assimilated directly. We therefore introduced a method to modify the water vapor field of an analysis by 3D-OI according to TCPW analysis assimilated TMI TCPW data. Using the analysis system, we performed the TMI TCPW observation system experiment. The results revealed clear positive impacts on forecasted wind fields of 850 and 250 hPa height over the tropics and small positive impacts on same levels and region. Improvements of the one-day forecasted rainfall over the tropical region were also recognized. In addition, we found a strange seasonal variability in the TCPW field of the JMA operational global analysis in 1998. We also found 15-42-day oscillation cycles in the difference between TMI and SSM/I TCPW, which we assume originates from the bias of the TMI brightness temperature and the effect that TRMM flied on a non-sun- synchronous orbit.
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