We will overview organized airflows, turbulent and laminar structures in the atmospheric boundary layer and the free
atmosphere newly detected by a 3D-scanning coherent Doppler lidar system (3D-CDL).
Study of clouds becomes important especially in recent years, since they play an essential role in global climate systems
and the earth environment. The aerosol-cloud interaction is not enough to evaluate aerosol indirect effect. Air-motion is
the key factor that connects aerosols and clouds especially in the atmospheric boundary layer. Using the 3D-CDL, we
detected such various kinds of atmospheric phenomena as plume, streaks, invisible dust-devils, fog, fire-work, local
front, downburst, wake of buildings, gravity waves, Kelvin-Helmholtz instability waves, sea-breeze fronts, fine-weather
cumulus, low-level stratus, mid-level clouds, mammatus clouds and cirrus clouds etc. Some of these phenomena are
firstly observed by the 3D-CDL. We simulated some phenomena by using a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) model and
compared the simulated structures with those observed by the 3D-CDL.
Remote sensing of low-altitude temperature profile is important for a variety of studies, including air-sea interaction, short-term meteorological forecasting, forecasting of dissipation of fog and stratus, and air pollution. During December 1999, and January-February 2000, a microwave temperature profiler (MTP-5), manufacturing by Russian Scientific Production Company ATTEX, was installed at the Russian meteorological station Val at the north part of Sakhalin Island (LN6 143 degree(s)E, LAT 52 degree(s)N, ALT-32M). The MTP-5 is an angular-scanning self-calibrating instrument operated at a center frequency of 59, 6 GHz, with a sensitivity of 0,03K at 1-sec integration time, a cycle time of 120 sec for one temperature profile measurement and an accuracy of 0,5K up to the altitude 600 m. Before installation on site the MTP-5 data were compared with radiosonde data and with the data from in situ sensors at the meteorological tower. The RMS was less than 0.5K at all altitude (up to 600 m). The using of microwave remote sensing firstly gave the possibility of providing a continuous monitoring of the temperature profile above the north part of Sakhalin Island where the sea ice was formed. About 13000 temperature profiles at altitude range 0divided by600 m were obtained during observation period. The measurement was provided as a part of the project Clarification of the actual condition of sea ice in the Sea of Okhotsk and its role in the climate system.
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