A simple zonal approach is proposed for estimating phase distribution on large grids. The estimation is based on phase differences that are precisely measured in two orthogonal directions by a lateral shearing interferometer. It requires only O(N2) operations for reconstructing a phase distribution on a N by N grid. Computer simulation and experimental results are demonstrated to show effectiveness of the new algorithm.
A contrast modulating technique for interferometric fringe analysis is introduced. The basic idea of the interferometry is employing an amplitude-stepped reference wavefront in an interferometer to generate contrast-modulated interferograms and evaluating the phase of a test wavefront based on intensities of the interferograms. A general phase evaluation algorithm for the interferometry is derived. As an example of the phase measuring technique, we describe a three-step algorithm and an interferometer used to realize a three-step measurement.
An interactive CAD system for a computer-generated hologram (CGH) is developed to produce many kinds of CGHs in the form of Postscript files, G-code files for NC machines, and HPGL files. These files can later be sent to a laser printer and also a laser beam lithography system. The laser beam lithography system developed has a writing area of 200 mmA approximately 200 mm with 0.5E m positional accuracy. By using the LBL system, some CGHs for optical interconnection and kinoforms are optimized with the simulated annealing algorithm.
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