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Xi-Xi Bai

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Proceedings Article | 5 December 2024 Paper

Spatial transparency in atomic vapor: effects of transverse magnetic field on cylindrical vector beams

Yan Ma, Hong Chang, Xi-Xi Bai, Ming-Tao Cao, Rui-Fang Dong, Shou-Gang Zhang

Proceedings Volume 13418, 134183P (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3048754

KEYWORDS: Polarization, Signal intensity, Absorption, Transmittance, Transparency, Rubidium

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The interaction between cylindrical vector beams and atoms under a weak magnetic field induces spatially dependent electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Based on this coherence effect, we investigated the relationship between the magnitude and orientation of the transverse magnetic field (TMF) and the spatial intensity distribution of cylindrical vector beams passing through a thermal atom ensemble, which is intuitively manifested in polarization selection absorption. The radially polarized beam exhibits a spatial axisymmetric polarization structure. When a TMF is applied, transparent regions in the transmitted beam strongly correlate with the beam’s polarization distribution. Variations in the TMF magnitude alter the absorption of specific polarization components by the atomic system, thereby affecting the local transmittance. This enables the TMF magnitude to be inferred from the single transmittance of the intensity pattern. The alignment of the TMF orientation is reflected in the rotation of the petal-shaped transmission patterns aligned with the mirror axis. Theoretical solutions using optical Bloch equations reveal this specific spatially dependent EIT is closely related to the transverse relaxation rate between the ground state energy levels. Experimental data align perfectly with the theoretical results, suggesting potential applications in light field manipulation and magnetic field measurement.

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