Shape memory polymers (SMP) are attracting increasing attention as a class of smart structural materials due to their
light weight, ability to exhibit variable stiffness and undergo large deformations without damage, and, of course, their
shape memory effect. SMP have the clear potential to be used to develop a variety of structures that are intrinsically
morphable. In theory, a structure composed completely of SMP could have limitless shape-changing functionality,
provided sufficient activation and mechanical actuation. Towards the utilization of this potential functionality, this work
presents a computational framework to design the optimal activation and actuation to morph a structure composed of a
smart material into a predefined shape or set of shapes. A numerical study is shown for the example of thermally
activated smart materials in which the objective is to identify the applied boundary heat and traction to deform and lock a
given structure into a predefined shape with minimal total energy and without damaging the material. The finite element
method is used to analyze the response of the structure given a set of design parameters, and a nonlinear optimization
algorithm is applied to identify the ideal activation and actuation to achieve the desired deformation. Through an
example problem based on thermally activated SMP, the approach is shown to provide a generalized means to optimally
design and/or control smart material structures. The key challenges of this approach are addressed, and the foundation is
laid for further exploration into computational approaches for the solution of similar coupled multi-physics inverse
problems.
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