Optically active point defects in the wide-bandgap semiconductors, diamond and SiC, are of interest as solid-state qubits for quantum photonics and metrology. The negatively charged silicon-vacancy (VSi) point defect in the 4H polytype of SiC consisting of a vacancy on a silicon site in SiC is a prominent defect qubit that has attractive features such as single-photon emission and long spin coherence times relevant for magnetic and temperature sensors, and single photon emitters. This work investigates ion irradiation protocols for the generation of defect qubits and their addressability by optical techniques of photoluminescence spectroscopy and optically detected magnetic resonance.
KEYWORDS: Solar cells, Solar radiation, Solar energy, Silicon, Solar radiation models, Indium gallium phosphide, Gallium arsenide, Thin film solar cells, Thin films, Multijunction solar cells
Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) together with Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has developed an insitu evaluation technique for understanding radiation response of space solar cells, by which the electrical characteristics of solar cells can be measured under AM0 light illumination during proton/electron irradiation experiments (Simultaneous method). Using the simultaneous method, we revealed the radiation degradation of multi-junction solar cells such as InGaP/GaAs/Ge triple junction (3J) solar cells. A modeling of the radiation degradation of 3J solar cells based on the Non-Ionizing Energy Loss (NIEL) concept was established. Flexible multi-junction solar cells are under development for space applications.
Change in the dominant electronic conduction mechanism of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin films from the band transport to the hopping transport due to ion irradiation is investigated. The change is clarified by the experimental study of electric conductivity of a-Si:H irradiated with energetic protons. Dark electric conductivity (DC) and photoconductivity (PC) variations as a function of 100 keV proton fluence, and variations of temperature dependence of DC due to 100 keV proton irradiation are investigated in detail. As a result, the decrease in DC and PC due to reduction of the band transport is observed at the fluence of less than 1014 cm-2, and the drastic increase in DC and the loss of photoconduction due to enhancement of the hopping transport are observed in the high fluence regime. However, the hopping transport induced by proton irradiation easily disappears at above 300 K and after that, the band transport dominates the electric conduction again. The conductivity based on the band transport after irradiation is not completely restored even after thermal annealing, indicating that thermally stable dangling bonds remain. It is concluded that these electronic transport changes originated from ion irradiation and thermal annealing are caused by the increase or decrease in dangling bond density (localized density of states).
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