A series of sol-gel derived, La-doped PbTiO3 films, with compositions Pb1-x/100 Lax/100 Ti1-x/400 O3 (PLTX) with La content, x equals 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 28, 30, and 32 were prepared on Corning 7059 substrates. These films were fired at 400 - 600 degree(s)C for 30 mins. The phase assembly and phase development were dependent on the precursor chemistries (La content) and processing (firing temperature). The grain size of the crystallized PLT films decreased with higher La content, and PLT films with higher La contents appeared denser. The optical properties of the films were investigated using UV - VIS transmission spectroscopy. Depending on composition and processing conditions, PZT films (2500 A thick) with refractive indices of 2.00 - 2.56, sufficient for waveguiding on Corning 7059 glasses with refractive index of 1.53, and band gaps of 3.11 - 3.55 eV can be obtained. Exhibiting high refractive indices, these amorphous and crystalline PLT films can be utilized for both passive and active optical applications.
Wet chemical processing of ceramics, glasses and inorganic-organic hybrids in the form of films has a large number of both proven and potential optical applications. The present review focuses on progress since 1990 in the areas of ferroelectric films, electrochromic and photochromic films, planar waveguides, and NLO films. Where appropriate, advances are illustrated by results obtained in our laboratories.
A series of sol-gel derived PT-based films, including PT, PZ, PZT, PLT, PLZ and PLZT, was prepared on platinized Si, fused SiO2 and Corning 7059 substrates. These films were fired at 400 - 700 C for 30 mins. The phase assembly and development were dependent on the precursor chemistries, processing and choice of substrates. The presence of Zr impacted significantly on the crystallization behavior, PbO loss and cracking behavior of the films. Crystallization was severely retarded, especially in Zr-containing PZT films when deposited on amorphous substrates compared to crystalline Pt substrates. Amorphous and crystalline PZT films can be utilized for passive and active optical applications. Waveguiding was achieved in an amorphous PZT 53/47 and a crystalline PLT 28 films and gave attenuation losses of 1.0 and 1.4 dB/cm respectively which represent the lowest values reported to date. The optical properties of the films were investigated using ellipsometry, UV-VIS transmission spectroscopy and waveguide loss measurements. Depending on composition and processing conditions, PZT films (2500 A thick) with refractive indices of 1.60 to 2.33 and absorption edges of 2900 - 3100 A can be obtained. It was ascertained that the resulting interfacial reaction layers between the films and substrates affected considerably the optical properties of thinner films (< 2000 A).
Low loss sol-gel derived polyceram optical waveguides have been prepared for the first time. Polyceram films were obtained by reacting (N-triethoxysilyl propyl) o-polyethylene oxide urethane with silicon and titanium alkoxides. The optical properties of the films were investigated using ellipsometry, UV-VIS transmission spectroscopy and waveguide loss measurements. Refractive index and attenuation loss measurements were carried out as a function of organic/inorganic content, different processing conditions and aging of solutions. Refractive indices as high as 1.685 and attenuation losses as low as 1.4 dB/cm were obtained. In addition, surface morphology, mechanical properties and thermal stability of the polyceram films were studied.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.