Column aerosol absorption properties in the visible wavelengths are measured routinely in worldwide
locations by NASA AERONET network (http://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov), while similar optical properties in UV
can be derived from diffuse and global irradiance measurements measured with Multifilter Rotating
Shadowband Radiometer (MFRSR) instruments of the USDA UV-MFRSR network
(http://uvb.nrel.colostate.edu). To enable direct comparisons between the two techniques, we have modified
our UV-MFRSR by replacing standard 300nm filter with 440nm filter used in AERONET network. The
modified UV/VIS-MFRSR has been mostly deployed at AERONET calibration site at NASA GSFC in
Greenbelt, MD, but also at number of field campaigns. While the UV-MSFRSR instrument is highly
susceptible to calibration drifts, these drifts can be accurately assessed using co-located AERONET direct-sun
AOT data. In 2006 quartz dome has been installed atop the MFRSR diffuser, which stabilized calibration
drifts in 2007-2009. After correcting for remaining calibration changes, the AOT and single scattering albedo
(SSA) at the UV wavelengths can be accurately inferred by fitting the measurements of global and diffuse
atmospheric transmittances with the forward RT model at each UV-MFRSR spectral channel. Derived AOT
and SSA at common wavelength 440nm by two different techniques are generally in good agreement. We
also found that SSA becomes smaller in the UV wavelengths and has strong wavelength dependence across
blue and near-UV spectral range. The measured enhanced UV absorption might suggest the presence of
selectively UV absorbing aerosols. High spectral resolution SSA measurements in UV-VIS wavelengths are
called for.
A low cost, portable spectrometer was evaluated for use in collecting signature spectra from vegetation at three riparian sites in Colorado 6/8/05 - 6/11/05. An Ocean Optics HR4000CG-UV-NIR spectrometer configured with a fiber optics coupled Teflon diffuser was used to obtain reflectance spectra from a number of invasive and natural riparian plant species at wavelengths spanning 400 to 900 nm. A number of tests were conducted to quantify sources of measurement error. These tests included a determination of dark and stray light bias, wavelength registration, and integration time corrections over constant and varying temperature. Reflectance spectra from artificial and natural targets were collected in concert with NASA-Goddard and NASA-Stennis field teams utilizing an Analytical Spectral Devices (ASD) FieldSpec Pro FR spectrometer (350 to 2500 nm). A brief comparison of reflectance spectra obtained with the HR4000CG-UV-NIR and the FieldSpec Pro FR is presented. Future work is discussed.
A limited evaluation of Ultraviolet Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer (UVMFRSR) based monitoring was conducted for instruments operated at the Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii 2/1/04 - 5/31/04. Two UV radiometers were installed, an UVMFRSR (shadowband) and a tracker mounted UVMFR (no shadowband). Measurements from the two UVMFR's, collocated Brewer and Dobson UV spectrophotometers, and the TOMS satellite, allowed a number of intercomparisons. The Langley-Forgan calibration technique proved more effective than lamp or Langley-SLR (simple linear regression) techniques when applied to an UVMFR that exhibited substantial change in response. Direct irradiance from an UVMFRSR compared very well with direct irradiance measured by a tracker mounted UVMFR for full-sun days (r2's = 1). Mean ratios of the UV-MFRSR column ozone retrievals to the collocated Dobson and Brewer were 1.015 and 1.011 respectively. The mean ratio of UVMFRSR ozone to TOMS satellite ozone was 0.907. The UVMFRSR advantages of relatively low cost, unattended operation, automated calibration stability checks using Langley plots, and minimal maintenance make it a unique instrument for column ozone measurement.
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