KEYWORDS: Optical coherence tomography, Arteries, Veins, Visualization, Skin, Ear, 3D image processing, Tissues, 3D image reconstruction, In vivo imaging
The degree and variants of structural changes in the vessels of the skin are important pathomorphological signs of the degree of tissue damage and potential possibilities and the course of its regeneration in various skin injuries, including burns. Objective: to identify arteries and veins with 3D optical coherence tomography during the experiment, describing their distinctive features. Materials and methods. To identify the vessels on OCT images of the skin, the rabbit ear was examined in vivo over the superficially located central artery and marginal vein and the vascular-free zone with a needle mark in the lumen of the vessel. Histo-tomographic comparisons were performed. Result. OCT signs of arterial and venous vessels are formulated.
Transserosal optical coherence tomography (OCT) with angiography modality (OCTA) provides real-time label-free visualization of the intestinal structure and blood vessels networks with a spatial resolution about 10-15 µm. This method is a perspective for intraoperative use in abdominal surgery, for example, for determining the depth of ischemic damage to the gut. The paper devoted to analysis the quality of OCT/OCTA data obtained from small intestine of 4 subjects - rat, rabbit, minipigs and humans. The subjects have different thickness of intestinal wall and blood circulation conditions. It was shown, that the intestine of small laboratory animals (rats and rabbits) is convenient for studying with OCT/OCTA: it can be easily stabilized by moving the intestine loop outside the body, which, together with a rigidly fixed probe, minimizes the number of possible motion artifacts. Therefore, OCT/OCTA criteria of structural changes in the intestinal wall and microcirculation disorders during ischemia, important for clinical applications, were established on these objects. Large animals (minipigs) and human proved to be a troublesome subjects for obtaining high-quality OCT/OCTA data: powerful peristaltic movements, pronounced pulse wave and the inability to take the object out of the body in order to exclude the influence of respiratory and other types of the body movements led to a sharp increase in the amount of OCT/OCTA images with artifacts (up to 39% in humans). However, in patients and minipigs the microstructure of intestinal layers was more informative than in small animals due to increased thickness. Therefore, it allowed visualize tissues in more detail: in particular, verify peritoneum edema and intramuscular fluid buildup. The study was performed under support of RFBR grant No.19-75-10096.
Objective: to study the dynamics of the state of autografts of skin and allodermal protectors on a wound using multimodal optical monitoring. Material and methods. A burn wound was simulated in rats (n = 16), 20% of the wound area was covered with skin autografts. The allodermal protector of 0.35 mm thick was applied over the autografts. Studied in vivo the state of the grafts for 10 days: saturation - according to diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS); perfusion - according to laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF); microstructure - according to optical coherence tomography (OCT). Results. Multimodal monitoring of blood circulation, metabolism and microstructure of skin grafts on a burn wound showed that changes in auto- and allografts occur asynchronously. In the tissues of the autograft, blood saturation directly correlated with the restoration of perfusion (Spearman's coefficient = 0.795); in the allograft, the correlation between perfusion and saturation was weakly inverse (-0.179). Those differences were confirmed by OCT data and histological analysis: allografts lost their normal microstructure simultaneously with a rapid decrease of the blood saturation, despite the preservation of perfusion parameters.
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