Stretchable and conformable optical devices open very exciting perspectives for the fabrication of systems incorporating diffracting and optical power in a single element and of tunable plasmonic filters and absorbers. The use of nanocomposites obtained by inserting metallic nanoparticles produced in the gas phase into polymeric matrices allows to effectively fabricate cheap and simple stretchable optical elements able to withstand thousands of deformations and stretching cycles without any degradation of their optical properties. The nanocomposite-based reflective optical devices show excellent performances and stability compared to similar devices fabricated with standard techniques. The nanocomposite-based devices can be therefore applied to arbitrary curved non-optical grade surfaces in order to achieve optical power and to minimize aberrations like astigmatism. Examples discussed here include stretchable reflecting gratings, plasmonic filters tunable by mechanical stretching and light absorbers.
Dimitri Batani, F. Strati, H. Stabile, M. Tomasini, C. Olivotto, Tara Desai, G. Lucchini, Michel Koenig, A. Benuzzi-Mounaix, Hiroaki Nishimura, Yoshihiro Ochi, Jiri Ullschmied, Jiri Skala, Bozena Kralikova, Miroslav Pfeifer, Christelle Kadlec, Tomas Mocek, A. Praeg, T. Hall, Paolo Milani, E. Barborini, P. Piseri
Experiments on the Equation of State (EOS) of Carbon were performed at the PALS and LULI laboratories. We used Carbon samples with two different value of initial density, in order to explore a wider region of the phase diagram. We obtain experimental data for carbon Hugoniot at Megabar pressures induced by laser-driven shock waves. The target rear side emissivity due to the shock unloading was recorded from (two-materials two-steps) targets (Al-C) with
space and time resolution. By applying the impedance mismatch method, a direct determination of relative EOS points was obtained. Experimental data are compared with previous experiments and with theoretical models. Our results indicate a higher compressibility of carbon at Megabar pressures compared to theoretical models.
Recent results obtained in the growth of organic materials by supersonic molecular beams (SuMBE) are presented. Compared to other vacuum deposition methods, it allows an accurate control on the initial state (kinetic energy, momentum, flux, etc.) of the molecules during the deposition process. We show that such feature can be efficiently exploited to prepare films, the structure and morphology of which resemble those single crystals, therefore achieving unprecedented control on their optical and electronic properties even for relatively thick samples (> 500 nm). We also report on the use of SuMBE for processes of co-deposition with the aim of functionalizing or doping organic semiconductors. We achieved co-depositions of a p-type semiconductor, as metal phthalocyanines, with an n- type semiconductor, as fullerenes, without phase segregation between the two compounds and with a high control on the deposition parameters. This aspect is very attractive for the growth of organic p-n junction in view of improving photovoltaic cells and gas sensors.
A novel approach to the deposition of high quality films of oligothiophenes has been developed. It is based on an original seeded supersonic molecular beam combined with an ultra high vacuum deposition chamber. This method gives an unprecedented control on film properties. Several quaterthiophene films under different beam conditions have been prepared and characterized by optical absorption, photoluminescence, tapping mode atomic force microscopy, secondary electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. Morphology, structure and optical response are controlled by the beams' parameters. Highly ordered films, up to several hundreds of nm thick, show well resolved vibronic structures in low temperatures fluorescence spectra as only the best published data on films a few monolayers thick do.
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