Temperature is an important process factor in grinding. Cryogenic cooling has proven to be very successful in metal machining, for example, as oxidation is prevented by lowering the temperature level. This enables significantly higher cutting speeds and longer tool life. In our research, we aim to determine whether similar effects occur when grinding brittle-hard materials, which is why the temperature in the contact zone is explicitly examined here. This article presents a very simple and extremely cost-effective approach using a germanium window and an infrared temperature sensor. It explains how the system is constructed, what results can be achieved with it and how the system compares to other commercially available approaches.
The aim of the research was the development of a measurement and analysis method that enables the detection of errors and malfunctions within a machine tools and in the manufacturing process using acoustic sensors (microphones).
This research is focused on the link between manufacturing parameters and the resulting mid-spatial frequency error in the manufacturing process of precision optics. The goal is to understand the generation mechanisms of mid-spatial frequency errors and avoid their appearance in the manufacturing process. Also, a simulation which is able to predict the resulting mid spatial frequency error from a manufacturing process is desired.
The aim of our research was to study middle spatial frequency errors (MSFE) on optical surfaces. We investigate the surfaces after manufacturing processes to find out the main affecting factors and to choose the proper processing parameters to minimize the size of the errors. To find an appropriate parameter window we have to be able not only to define the factors, which lead to MSFE, but also to analyze the change of the error after next following production steps.
This research is focused on the link between manufacturing parameters and the resulting mid-spatial frequency error in the manufacturing process of precision optics. This third publication focuses on strategies of avoidance and generation mechanisms of the mid-spatial frequency errors from the grinding process. The Goal is to understand the generation mechanisms of the mid-spatial frequency errors and avoid their appearance in the manufacturing process.
Nowadays the strict quality criteria for modern optical products lead to the use of the point contact processes for grinding and polishing. This art of manufacturing is especially sensitive to the occurring of the mid spatial frequency structures, which influence negative the optical properties of the lenses. Mid spatial frequency errors are too small to be eliminated as a form error, and too big to be polished away. The manufacturing chain consists of numerous steps. Finally, different mid spatial frequency errors commingle together and it is a difficult task to assign them to the proper process step. In the article we discuss the possibilities to analyze surfaces direct after grinding.
This research is focused on the link between manufacturing parameters and the resulting mid-spatial frequency error in the manufacturing process of precision optics. This second publication focuses on the parameters and the simulation of the grinding step. The Goal is to understand and avoid the appearance of the mid-spatial frequency error and to develop a simulation which can predict the resulting mid-spatial frequency error from a manufacturing process.
The aim of our research is to study middle spatial frequency errors (MSFE) on optical surfaces. We investigate the surfaces after all manufacturing processes to find out the main affecting factors and to choose the proper processing parameters to minimize the size of the errors. In this paper we describe some middle spatial frequency errors, which occur during grinding. As there are limited possibilities to measure ground surfaces, their analysis from the point of measurement is most difficult. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to optimally organize the measurement guaranteeing sufficient data for the reconstruction of the toolpath and avoidance of aliasing effects. In the paper discuss possible classifications and some difficulties during measuring of grinded surfaces.
This research is focused on the link between manufacturing parameters and the resulting mid spatial frequency error in the manufacturing process of precision optics. This first publication focuses on the parameters of the grinding step. The Goal is to understand and avoid the appearance of the mid spatial frequency error and develop a simulation which is able to predict the resulting mid spatial frequency error for/of a manufacturing process.
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