The performance and reliability of piezoceramic patches based on Lead-Zirconate-Titanate (PZT) wafers were
investigated under both quasi-static and cyclic loading conditions in sensor and actuator applications. A 4-point bending
setup was used to study the patches' loading limits and damage behavior under mechanical tensile and compressive
loading at varied strain levels. The patches' performance under electric actuation was tested in a bending actuator setup.
As opposed to irreversible damage by cracking of the PZT wafers under tensile loading (strain at failure: ca. 0.35 %), no
mechanical damage was observed under compressive loading at strain levels of up to -0.6 %. Instead a partly reversible
degradation of the piezoceramic's electromechanical properties was noted. A strain-cycle diagram was established for
tensile loading at room temperature.
Finite-element analyses were performed using 3D material modeling with electro-mechanical coupling behavior. Very
good predictability of the sensor and actuator performance was achieved by FE-simulation. Through numerical
investigations the degradation of the patches' sensor performance under tensile loading could be correlated to the
increasing number of cracks in the PZT wafers.
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