Hyperspectral imaging is an important technology for the detection of surface and buried land mines from an airborne platform. For this reason, hyperspectral was included with SAR sensors in the two deployments that were executed by the CECOM RDEC Night Vision and Electronic Systems Directorate (NVESD) in Fall 2002 and in Spring 2003. The purpose of these deployments was to bring together a wide variety of airborne sensors for the detection of mines, with well ground-truthed targets. The hyperspectral sensors included the Airborne Hyperspectral Imager (AHI), a University of Hawaii LWIR HSI sensor and the Compact Airborne Spectral Sensor (COMPASS), an NVESD VNIR/SWIR sensor. Both a high frequency SAR and a ground penetrating radar were also flown. These experiments were carried out at sites where an extensive array of buried and surface mines were deployed. At the first location, on the east coast, the mines were deployed against several different backgrounds ranging from bare dirt to long grass. At the second location in the desert southwest, the mines were placed on backgrounds ranging from loose sand to mixed sand and vegetation. The COMPASS and AHI sensors were both placed on the Twin Otter aircraft, and data was collected with the airplane as low as 700 ft and as high as 4000 ft. In this paper, the data collected on surface mines will be reviewed, and specific examples from each background type presented. Spectral detection algorithms will be applied to the data and the results of the algorithm processing will be presented.
KEYWORDS: Sensors, Calibration, Spectroscopy, Cameras, Short wave infrared radiation, Scanners, Black bodies, Fourier transforms, Geographic information systems, Temperature metrology
In order to assist Rescue and Recovery personnel after 11 September 2001, Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate was requested to collect a variety of airborne electro-optic data of the WTC site. The immediate objective was to provide FDNY with geo-rectified high-resolution and solar reflective hyperspectral data to help map the debris-field. Later data collections included calibrated MWIR data. This thermal data provided accurate temperature profiles, which could be warped to the high-resolution data. This paper will describe the assets and software used to help provide the FDNY data products, which were incorporated into their GIS database.
Alexandra Smith, Arthur Kenton, Robert Horvath, Linnea Nooden, Jennifer Michael, James Wright, J. Mars, James Crowley, Marc Sviland, Stan Causey, David Lee, Mary Williams, Kurt Montavon
The objective of the US Army Hyperspectral Mine Detection Phenomenology program was to determine if spectral disciminants exist that are useful for the detection of land mines. A primary goal wa to determine the presence and persistence of spectral features produced by buried anti- tank mines as associated with soil properties and vegetation changes over time. Details of the collections are documented in the ERIM International Technical Report 10012200-15-T, 'Mine Spectral Signature Collections and Data Archive', March 1999. This paper describes the HMDP project and focuses on the initial phase of controlled experimental measurements of spectral mine signatures in ground-based US collections. The foreign data collections are not addressed in this paper. Some of the HMDP project's mine spectral signature result are highlighted here. Detailed analyses of these data were performed and is described in a companion paper in this conference titled 'Detection of Land Mines with Hyperspectral Data'.
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