Butt-coupling of light into a surface plasmon is a simple and compact coupling method with a range of potential uses in photonic circuitry. Although butt-coupling has been successfully implemented in many coupling configurations, the coupling effectiveness is not fully understood. Here, we present a semi-analytical study which models the coupling efficiency of an incident beam into a surface plasmon on silver in the presence of loss using an projection method in one dimension. We find that the coupling efficiencies for silver between the wavelengths of 0:38 - 1:6 μm reach 77 - 88% with optimum incident beam parameters.
We propose a general approach to the design of directional couplers in photonic-crystals operating in the slowlight
regime. We predict, based on a general symmetry analysis, that robust switching of slow-light pulses is
possible between antisymmetrically coupled photonic crystal waveguides. We demonstrate, through numerical
Bloch mode frequency-domain and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations that, for all pulses with
strongly reduced group velocities at the photonic band-gap edge, complete switching occurs at a fixed coupling
length of just a few unit cells of the photonic crystal.
We consider coupling between free-space and rod-type photonic crystals using semi-analytic 2D methods, and find that for frequencies in the second and third bands this coupling is almost perfect over a large range of angles. We explain this remarkable property in terms of the scattering resonances of the individual inclusions and then confirm the presence of this effect in fully 3D FDTD calculations.
Many of the applications of photonic crystals and photonic crystal fibers require the periodic structure to have some type of defect. In photonic crystal fibers a point defect defines the fiber core, whereas in photonic crystals a line defect acts as a waveguide, and point defects act as cavities. The modeling of these defects usually either makes use of periodic boundary conditions, by which the defect is replicated periodically, or models a photonic crystal of finite extent. However, some applications, for example the cut-off behavior of a defect mode where the field extends very widely, require methods that can model a defect in an otherwise infinite and perfectly periodic structure. Here we present such a method. It combines the method of fictitious sources with averaging over the Brillouin zone, and we apply it to study the long-wavelength behavior of the fundamental mode of photonic crystal fibers.
We describe a multipole theory of photonic crystal or more generally microstructured optical fibers (MOF). We review basic MOF properties such-as losses and number of modes-obtained with our method and expose considerations and results on dispersion management taking into account the losses.
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