Linear encoder composed of main and index scales has an extensive application in the field of modern precision measurement. The main scale is the key component of linear encoder as measuring basis. In this article, the continuous roller imprint technology is applied to the manufacturing of the main scale, this method can realize the high efficiency and low cost manufacturing of the ultra-long main scale. By means of the plastic deformation of the soft metal film substrate, the grating microstructure on the surface of the cylinder mold is replicated to the soft metal film substrate directly. Through the high precision control of continuous rotational motion of the mold, ultra-long high precision grating microstructure is obtained. This paper mainly discusses the manufacturing process of the high precision cylinder mold and the effects of the roller imprint pressure and roller rotation speed on the imprint replication quality. The above process parameters were optimized to manufacture the high quality main scale. At last, the reading test of a linear encoder contains the main scale made by the above method was conducted to evaluate its measurement accuracy, the result demonstrated the feasibility of the continuous roller imprint method.
High illumination resolution, which directly determines the applied characteristic of night vision system in flashlight or
high light level condition, is an important performance parameter for evaluating the characteristic of low light level
image intensifier used in high light level condition. In this article, according to the limited resolution test technique, the
test principle, test condition and test method to high illumination resolution are described in detail associated with
operation mode and protective way of low light level image intensifier. Test system for measuring the high illumination
resolution has been founded based on the limited resolution test system. The value of high illumination for measuring the
high illumination resolution has been calculated in theory and measured by illuminometer. High illumination resolution
of low light level image intensifiers have been measured in test system, results show that high illumination resolution test
system is satisfied the need for measuring high illumination resolution of low light level image intensifier, and test
system output light illumination must be greater than 1×103 lux. Light of high illumination, which can be correctly
measured by illuminometer, is transferred legitimately. That is worthwhile to evaluate the operational characteristic of
low light level image intensifier.
In order to improve the measurement accuracy of MCP current gain and provide highly reliable feedback to the MCP
production, based on MCP current gain test principle, a device with adjustable incident illumination for measuring the
MCP current gain was established. Under MCP voltage of 800V, 900V, and 1000V, incident illumination of photocathode
varying from 0.1mlx to 8mlx, MCP current gain by this device was measured. According to the curves of current gain,
we knew more about the relationship among MCP current gain, MCP voltage and photocathode incident illumination. It
was indicated that MCP current gain saturation was not obvious with photocathode incident illumination less than 6mlx
and MCP voltage 800V, while with more than 4mlx and 900V, the MCP current gain began to saturate, and with more
than 1mlx and 1000V, the MCP current gain began to saturate. Owing to the characterizations of MCP, the reason why
the MCP current gain decreased was analyzed. With the MCP voltage of the 3rd generation low-light-level image
intensifier tube ranging between 800V and 1000V, the photocathode incident illumination for MCP current gain
measurement should be less than 1mlx. In this study, the determined range of photocathode incident illumination during
MCP current gain measurement and the improved test accuracy of the MCP current gain provides effective reference for
the production procedure of the 3rd generation low-light-level image intensifier tube.
Signal to noise ratio is an important parameter to evaluate the 3rd generation low-light-level image intensifier. In this
article, voltage in different poles have been changed respectively, output signal to noise ratio referring to different
voltages have been studied, and the relationship between each voltage and output signal to noise ratio has been analyzed. The study results show that voltage of photocathode is not less than 150 V, voltage of MCP is between 800 V and 900 V, and voltage of screen is between 5000 V and 6000 V while output signal to noise ratio of filmed image intensifier is optimized. The study in this article is worthwhile for developing signal to noise ratio of the 3rd low-light-level image intensifier sufficiently.
A novel multistep loading and demolding process in nanoimprint lithography (NIL) with a soft mold is developed to fabricate 3-D micro- or nanoscale cathode structures in polymer photovoltaic (PPV) devices. Experiments show that this new NIL process, called distortion reduction by pressure releasing (DRPR) and two-step curing method for the demolding process, can reduce and avoid the distortions of the imprint mold and wafer stage, and through the two-step curing method, the transformation of resist from liquid to solid state can be controlled, which is helpful to decrease the demolding force and avoid some defects caused by "blind" demolding. With this new NIL process, the main replicating error caused by distortions and blind demolding can be limited effectively, and the micro- or nanoscale cathode structures in PPV devices can be fabricated with high fidelity to the imprint mold, which can improve the power conversion efficiency of PPV.
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