The temperature and salinity parameters of seawater are important observation elements in the marine environment. In this paper, the feasibility of applying the whispering gallery modes of a single mode fiber (SMF) ring with small radius to sensing is proposed. The temperature and salinity are mainly perceived by physical method. The variation of the bending loss with temperature and salinity of the SMF under small radius is studied. In order to solve the problem of cross sensitivity of temperature and salinity, the double-loop intercalibration method is proposed to achieve high-sensitivity salinity sensing under a specific bending radius. The experimental results show that the bending loss of the SMF ring with the circumference of 28.5 mm and 31 mm has not changed obviously in the temperature range of 10 ~ 40°C, but the salinity sensitivity is better. At room temperature, when the monocyclic circumference is 31 mm, the bending loss with the salinity change rate is -5.773 ×10-2 dB/‰, the residual R2 < 0.01. When the ring circumference is 28.5 mm, the bending loss with the salinity change rate is 5.256 ×10-2 dB /‰, and the residual R2 < 0.01. The high-sensitivity sensing of salinity can be realized by the double-ring SMF through intercalibration.
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