To address the problem of online measurement of the base vector angle of beacon light in satellite-ground quantum optical communication, a measurement scheme is proposed to decouple the spatial base vector angle by using RGB tri-color combined beam as the beacon light with different light intensity values after beam splitting. The RGB combined beam with three different polarization angles carries the optical basis vector angle information of the carrier platform. After transmitted in free space, the RGB combined beam is decoupled from the basis vector angle by the ground receiving system. The receiving system reflects the RGB tri-color light in a split beam, uses photo detectors to obtain the intensity values of different wavelengths. According to the differential and ratio operation of the intensity values of the tri-color wavelengths, the receiving system obtains the characteristic parameter β and establishes the θ-β curve. With this curve, it is possible to inverse perform the spatial base vector angle θ information of the beacon light carrier platform in real time. The corresponding values of σ are inverted by analyzing the results of different operations on β. The verification of the experimental system shows that the accuracy of the beacon base vector angle θ obtained by the inversion of the real-time parameter β can reach ±0.05°, the standard deviation value of 3σ for random fluctuations is less than 0.1°, and the value of 3σ in the case of complex outdoor interference is less than 0.5°.
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