Here we propose and demonstrate an all-normal-dispersion fiber laser operating within a gain-managed nonlinear amplification (GMNA) evolution regime. This laser configuration is capable of supporting the generation of stable, highenergy, linearly chirped ultrashort pulses with a nonlinear phase shift exceeding 50π. Utilizing a 5-meter dual-clad Ybdoped fiber with a core/cladding diameter of 30/250 μm as the gain medium, the laser directly generates ~1.4 ps pulses with an average power of 2.9 W at a repetition rate of 16.6 MHz, corresponding to a pulse energy of 174 nJ. The output spectrum exhibits 10-dB bandwidth of ~58 nm, spanning from 1043nm-1101nm. These output pulses can be externally compressed to ~68 fs using a pair of transmission gratings with a compression efficiency of ~83%, resulting in a peak power of ~1.8 MW. The beam quality factor (M2) was measured to ~1.2.
The carrier-free phase-retrieval (CF-PR) receiver can reconstruct the optical field information only from two de-correlated intensity measurements without the involvement of a continuous-wave optical carrier. Here, we propose a digital subcarrier multiplexing (DSM)-enabled CF-PR receiver with hardware-efficient and modulation format-transparent merits. By numerically retrieving the optical field information of 56 GBaud DSM signals with QPSK/16QAM/32QAM modulation after 80-km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) transmission, we identify that the DSM enabled CF-PR receiver is beneficial in reducing the implementation complexity of the CF-PR process, in comparison with the traditional single-carrier counterpart, because the lower symbol rate of each subcarrier is helpful in reducing the implementation complexity of multiple chromatic dispersion compensations and emulations during the PR iteration. Moreover, the DSM-enabled CF-PR receiver is verified to be robust toward various transmission imperfections, including transmitter-side laser linewidth and its wavelength drift, receiver-side time skew, and amplitude imbalance between two intensity tributaries. Finally, the superiority of the DSM-enabled CF-PR receiver is experimentally verified by recovering the optical field information of 25 GBaud 16QAM signals, after 40-km SSMF transmission for the first time. Thus, the DSM-enabled CF-PR receiver is promising for high-capacity photonic interconnection with direct detection.
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