Vegetables are widely planted all over China, but they often suffer from the some diseases. A method of major technical
and economical importance is introduced in this paper, which explores the feasibility of implementing fast and reliable
automatic identification of vegetable diseases and their infection grades from color and morphological features of leaves.
Firstly, leaves are plucked from clustered plant and pictures of the leaves are taken with a CCD digital color camera.
Secondly, color and morphological characteristics are obtained by standard image processing techniques, for examples,
Otsu thresholding method segments the region of interest, image opening following closing algorithm removes noise,
Principal Components Analysis reduces the dimension of the original features. Then, a recently proposed boosting
algorithm AdaBoost. M2 is applied to RBF networks for diseases classification based on the above features, where the
kernel function of RBF networks is Gaussian form with argument taking Euclidean distance of the input vector from a
center. Our experiment performs on the database collected by Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and result
shows that Boosting RBF Networks classifies the 230 cucumber leaves into 2 different diseases (downy-mildew and
angular-leaf-spot), and identifies the infection grades of each disease according to the infection degrees.
Optical Burst Switching (OBS) provides statistical multiplexing capabilities at the optical layer with relaxed hardware requirements when compared to optical packet switching. Burst blocking probability of OBS networks is a very serious problem without efficient wavelength converter or optical buffer so that OBS is not available in the near future. We proposed a new switching architecture and technical implementation issues. The technical features of the proposed network are use of ring topology, one-way reservation, out-of-band transmission of the burst packet control signal, optical burst transmission unit, loss-free transmission of burst, small delay jitter, and dynamical intelligent wavelength add-drop multiplexer (DI-WADM) module. Our proposed switching architecture and technical implementation issues can make most use of both optic and electric technology and provide a good resolution of optical burst packet contention with our proposed access protocols. The implementation frameworks of the proposed network and node are simple.
In long-distance optical transmission systems at high-speed faster than 2.5Gbit/s, several transmission degradations need to be overcome, such as group velocity dispersion (GVD), polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in the fiber and the ASE accumulation noise employing EDFA, etc. The use of forward error correction (FEC) codes offers the potential to improve these degradations and to increase BER performance. In this paper, a new simple decoding algorithm for triple-error correcting BCH codes is proposed. Without complicated matrix-operation or division-operation or intricate iterative algorithm, the algorithm is high efficient and high-speed because of its simplicity in structure. Especially, the parallel structure increases the speed of coding greatly. The result of hardware simulation confirms that the algorithm is feasible completely. The algorithm can be used in the high-speed optical communication system and other high-speed communication system field.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.