In this paper, a new method of optical scanning measurement was put forward, using the semiconductor laser and octagon prism. This method realized on-line non-touch measurement of the necking value and necking position in the process of material tensile testing by the assist of machine scanning. The principle and key technical of this measuring method had been introduced, and the main factor to the measurement accuracy was analysed too. It is shown by test that this method is more accurate, faster and simpler than ever before for giving out the capability of material by omnipotence tensile machine.
In this paper, a specialized instrument of measuring inclination and deflection is proposed, which is developed by adopting photoelectric detection technique combined with design technique of precision instrument. This instrument adopts one-dimensional position sensitive detector PSD as the sensor of position, using simple pendulum structure to measure the inclination between a surface being measured and the earth's core. the measuring principle, structural design of the instrument has been introduced. It makes emphasis on the application research of the position sensitive detector PSD based on photoelectric transform, the research of high-accuracy data acquisition and processing technique, the linearization calibration method of PSD, etc. The measurement result can be shown directly on liquid crystal display, at the same time, for being convenient to communicate with the computer, the instrument also can send measurement data by infrared transmission and the computer can gather the data by the same means. This clinometer is of simple structure, high response speed , high measuring accuracy, strong interference rejection ability , low consumption , high characteristic of performance-cost ratio.
In the system of size measurement by laser scanning, the laser intensity is necessarily kept stability. But in practice, output intensity of laser is continuously attenuated as time passed, so that precision accuracy of detecting system becomes poor. The paper analyzes the effect of laser intensity changing on accuracy of size measurement by laser scanning, provides with the auto-measured circuit and the measuring methods of the output laser intensity, and the method of electrical compensation for intensity change. The method has been applied to the instrument of diameter measurement by laser scanning on line successfully, which is effective and feasible.
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