Dr. James Carr Profile

Dr. James Carr

at Carr Astronautics

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Publications (8)

SPIE Journal Paper | 3 April 2020

Validation of image navigation and registration for the Geostationary Lightning Mapper

James Carr, Clemens Tillier, Shu Yang

JARS, Vol. 14, Issue 03, 032403, (April 2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JRS.14.032403

KEYWORDS: Image registration, Image restoration, Calibration, Space operations, Clouds, Distortion, Charge-coupled devices, Optical alignment, Navigation systems, Sensors

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Image navigation and registration (INR) processing for the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) assigns geographic coordinates to lightning events using orbit and attitude telemetry and a geometric calibration that matches coastline features from the GLM background scene against a digital map. Required performance is expressed as an optical angle at the aperture of the instrument of 112 μrad (3σ), equivalent to 4 km at the subsatellite point. This is only one-half the linear dimension of the ground footprint of a detector element at the center of the field of view and is challenging to both attain and validate. Our validation approach uses imagery from the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) Band 3 (B03), the ABI channel closest to the GLM spectrally, with 1-km pixel resolution at the subsatellite point, as an INR reference. The finer spatial resolution and the high-accuracy INR (<28 μrad, 3σ) of ABI make it well suited for this application. Since both instruments are on the same platform, no parallax correction is required. We measure positions of feature templates extracted from the GLM background scene relative to the ABI reference image to assign spatial coordinates to the center-points of each template. Almost any feature, except clear-sky ocean scenes, can be used for matching, which allows for spatially dense measurement of INR errors in the forward navigation calculation of a GLM pixel. Cloud motion is compensated during the time between the acquisition of the ABI reference image and the GLM background scene, which further improves validation accuracy. We show that GLM on both GOES-16 and -17 spacecraft satisfy their INR requirements. The spatial and temporal density of validation measurements permits examination of smaller systematic errors, including thermally driven alignment offsets, a discontinuity between focal plane hemispheres arising from a readout artifact, the optical distortion of the GLM lens, and a calibration of the telescope focal length.

Proceedings Article | 10 October 2019 Presentation + Paper

TEMPO Green Paper: Chemistry, physics, and meteorology experiments with the Tropospheric Emissions: monitoring of pollution instrument

K. Chance, X. Liu, C. Chan Miller, G. González Abad, G. Huang, C. Nowlan, A. Souri, R. Suleiman, K. Sun, H. Wang, L. Zhu, P. Zoogman, J. Al-Saadi, J. -C. Antuña-Marrero, J. Carr, R. Chatfield, M. Chin, R. Cohen, D. Edwards, J. Fishman, D. Flittner, J. Geddes, M. Grutter, J. Herman, D. Jacob, S. Janz, J. Joiner, J. Kim, N. Krotkov, B. Lefer, R. Martin, O. Mayol-Bracero, A. Naeger, M. Newchurch, G. Pfister, K. Pickering, R. Pierce, C. Rivera Cárdenas, A. Saiz-Lopez, W. Simpson, E. Spinei, R. J. Spurr, J. Szykman, O. Torres, J. Wang

Proceedings Volume 11151, 111510B (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2534883

KEYWORDS: Pollution, Aerosols, Clouds, Atmospheric modeling, Ozone, Satellites, Chemistry, Agriculture, Ultraviolet radiation, Soil science

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Proceedings Article | 22 October 2018 Paper

Compact Midwave Imaging System (CMIS) for retrieval of cloud motion vectors (CMVs) and cloud geometric heights (CGHs)

Michael Kelly, Dong Wu, Arnold Goldberg, Ivan Papusha, John Wilson, James Carr, John Boldt, Jacob Greenberg, Frank Morgan, Sam Yee, Andrew Heidinger, Lauren Mehr

Proceedings Volume 10776, 107760D (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2324612

KEYWORDS: Clouds, Satellites, Sensors, Computer generated holography, Imaging systems, Data modeling, MODIS, Optical flow, Space operations

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Proceedings Article | 27 September 2007 Paper

Modeling and optimal design of optical remote sensing payloads

Richard Tarde, Eric Donley, James Carr

Proceedings Volume 6677, 66771G (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.735424

KEYWORDS: Modulation transfer functions, Signal to noise ratio, Sensors, Radiometry, Systems modeling, Imaging systems, Digital filtering, Scanning probe microscopy, Point spread functions, Data modeling

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Proceedings Article | 24 September 1999 Paper

Advanced Geosynchronous Studies Imager (AGSI): image navigation and registration (INR) system

Jacqueline Le Moigne, James Carr, Donald Chu, Jaime Esper

Proceedings Volume 3750, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.363533

KEYWORDS: Image registration, Image processing, Navigation systems, Stars, Clouds, Sensors, Space operations, Wavelets, Imaging systems, Satellites

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Proceedings Article | 24 September 1999 Paper

Advanced Geosynchronous Studies Imager: scanning CCD star detection

Donald Chu, James Carr, James Bremer, Jaime Esper, Randy Kindsfather

Proceedings Volume 3750, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.363552

KEYWORDS: Stars, Silicon, Visualization, Sun, Imaging systems, Signal detection, Mirrors, Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Black bodies

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Proceedings Article | 4 December 1998 Paper

New GOES landmark selection and measurement methods for improved on-orbit image navigation and registration performance

Jaime Esper, William Bryant, James Carr, Joseph Harris

Proceedings Volume 3500, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.331862

KEYWORDS: Image registration, Image restoration, Satellites

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Proceedings Article | 18 October 1996 Paper

Long-term stability of GOES-8 and -9 attitude control

James Carr

Proceedings Volume 2812, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.254116

KEYWORDS: Satellites, Sensors, Stars, Imaging systems, Infrared sensors, Navigation systems, Space operations, Image registration, Image restoration, Image sensors

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