David Naylor, Jean-Paul Baluteau, George Bendo, Dominique Benielli, Trevor Fulton, Brad Gom, Matthew Griffin, Rosalind Hopwood, Peter Imhof, Tanya Lim, Nanyao Lu, Gibion Makiwa, Nicola Marchili, Glenn Orton, Andreas Papageorgiou, Chris Pearson, Edward Polehampton, Bernhard Schulz, Locke Spencer, Bruce Swinyard, Ivan Valtchanov, Matthijs H. van der Wiel, Ian Veenendaal, Ronin Wu
The Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) is one of three scientific instruments on board the European Space Agency's Herschel Space Observatory which ended its operational phase on 29 April 2013. The low to medium resolution spectroscopic capability of SPIRE is provided by an imaging Fourier transform spectrometer (iFTS) of the Mach-Zehnder configuration. With their high throughput, broad spectral coverage, and variable resolution, coupled with their well-defined instrumental line shape and intrinsic wavelength and intensity calibration, iFTS are becoming increasingly common in far-infrared space astronomy missions. The performance of the SPIRE imaging spectrometer will be reviewed and example results presented. The lessons learned from the measured performance of the spectrometer as they apply to future missions will be discussed.
The Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) is one of three scientific instruments onboard the European
Space Agency's Herschel Space Observatory launched on 14 May 2009. The low to medium resolution spectroscopic
capability of SPIRE is provided by an imaging Fourier transform spectrometer of the Mach-Zehnder configuration.
Results from the in flight performance verification phase of the SPIRE spectrometer are presented and conformance with
the instrument design specifications is reviewed.
Selective solar absorber coatings of carbon dispersed in SiO2, ZnO and NiO matrices on aluminium substrates have been
fabricated by a sol-gel technique. Spectrophotometry was used to measure the near-normal reflectance of the composite
coatings. Calculations of absorbed and emitted power, power retention, solar absorptance and thermal emittance were
performed from the reflectance curves. The root-mean-square (rms) deviations of the reflectance curves from the ideal
case were computed to determine the sample with the best performance characteristics. The thermal emittances of the
samples were 30% for the SiO2, 15% for the ZnO and 10% for the NiO matrix materials. The solar absorptances were
90%, 89% and 93% for SiO2, ZnO and NiO samples, respectively. Based on the results, NiO matrix samples had the
best solar selective behaviour, followed by ZnO and last were the SiO2 based samples.
We present a cheaper and environmentally friendly method to fabricate efficient spectrally selective solar absorber
materials. The sol-gel technique was used to fabricate carbon-silica (C-SiO2) and carbon-nickel oxide (C-NiO)
composite films on aluminium substrates. UV-Vis and FTIR spectrophotometers were used to determine the solar
absorptance and thermal emittance of the coatings. C-NiO coatings gave the best spectral characteristics. We show that
it is possible to achieve a solar absorptance of 0.94 and a thermal emittance of 0.12. So far, to our knowledge, no
commercial spectral solar absorber has these spectral responses.
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