In practical engineering applications, the real-time monitoring of structural physical field is very important, which requires overall performance improvements on the Brillouin optical fiber sensing, including fast measurement, quick data demodulation and small amount of data storage. A novel Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) scheme has been proposed based on compressed sensing and pattern recognition algorithms, which paves the way for the real time Brillouin optical fiber sensing. In order to test the sensing performance, the Brillouin gain spectrum is measured by the traditional fast BOTDA, where the frequency step and span are 4 MHz and 500 MHz, respectively. By employing the proposed algorithms, the strain information is directly obtained with only 35% of the full data, verifying the feasibility of real-time measurements.
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