Mr. Elias T. Gunnell Profile

Elias T. Gunnell

at Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

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Publications (2)

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Proceedings Article | 1 March 2019 Paper

Tomosynthesis imaging of the wrist using a CNT x-ray source array

Christina Inscoe, A. Billingsley, C. Puett, S. Feinstein, E. Gunnell, D. Nissman, T. Maetani, R. Draeger, J. Lu, Y. Lee, O. Zhou

Proceedings Volume 10948, 109485F (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2512906

KEYWORDS: Image resolution, X-ray sources, Radiography, Imaging systems, Visualization, 3D image processing, Point-of-care devices, Imaging devices, Orthopedic imaging, Carbon nanotubes

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Tomosynthesis imaging has been demonstrated as an alternative to MRI and CT for orthopedic imaging. Current commercial tomosynthesis scanners are large in-room devices. The goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of designing a compact tomosynthesis device for extremity imaging at the point-of-care utilizing a carbon nanotube (CNT) x-ray source array. The feasibility study was carried out using a short linear CNT source array with limited number of x-ray emitting focal spots. The short array was mounted on a translation stage and moved linearly to mimic imaging configurations with up to 40 degrees angular coverage at a source-to-detector distance of 40cm. The receptor was a 12x12cm flat panel digital detector. An anthropomorphic phantom and cadaveric wrist specimens were imaged at 55kVp under various exposure conditions. The projection images were reconstructed with an iterative reconstruction algorithm. Image quality was assessed by musculoskeletal radiologists. Reconstructed tomosynthesis slice images were found to display a higher level of detail than projection images due to reduction of superposition. Joint spaces and abnormalities such as cysts and bone erosion were easily visualized. Radiologists considered the overall utility of the tomosynthesis images superior to conventional radiographs. This preliminary study demonstrated that the CNT x-ray source array has the potential to enable tomosynthesis imaging of extremities at the point-of-care. Further studies are necessary to optimize the system and x-ray source array configurations in order to construct a dedicated device for diagnostic and interventional applications.

Proceedings Article | 9 March 2018 Presentation + Paper

Initial clinical evaluation of gated stationary digital chest tomosynthesis

Yueh Lee, E. Gunnell, Christy Inscoe, Connor Puett, Jianping Lu, Otto Zhou

Proceedings Volume 10573, 105730I (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2293713

KEYWORDS: Chest, X-rays, Imaging systems, Image quality, Cystic fibrosis, X-ray sources, Gated imaging, Carbon nanotubes

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High resolution imaging of the chest is dependent on a breath hold maintained throughout the imaging time. However, pediatric and comatose patients are unable to follow respiration commands. Gated tomosynthesis could offer a lower dose, high in-plane resolution imaging modality, but current systems are unable to prospectively gate in a reasonable scan time. In contrast, a carbon nanotube (CNT) based linear x-ray source array offers both the angular span and precise control necessary to generate x-ray projections for gated tomosynthesis. The goal of this study was to explore the first clinical use of the CNT linear x-ray source array for gated clinical chest imaging. Eighteen pediatric cystic fibrosis patients were recruited for this study, with 13 usable image sets. The s-GDCT system consists of a CNT linear x-ray source array coupled with a digital detector. A respiration signal derived from a respiratory belt served as a gating signal with sources fired sequentially when the imaging window and maximum inspiration window coincided. Images were reconstructed and reviewed for motion blur and ability to identify major anatomical structures. Image quality was highly dependent on quality of the respiration gating signal, and a correlation was found between qualitative image quality and height of the respiration peak. We demonstrate the first prospectively gated evaluation of the stationary digital chest tomosynthesis patients in pediatric patients. Though further refinements in projection selection and respiratory gating approaches are necessary, this study demonstrates the potential utility of this low dose imaging approach.

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