To validate the proposed algorithm for retrieving the reflection coefficients of the earth’s surface, the results of ground - based measurements at the test area with the coordinates 38.829°N, 8.791°W are compared with the results obtained with the proposed algorithm, the MOD09 algorithm, and the algorithm without atmospheric correction. The comparison shows a good agreement of the results yielded by the proposed and MOD09 algorithms with the ground measurements. The reflection coefficients for the area with the coordinates 38.4-39.3º N, 8.3-9.2º W on May 03, 2016, as retrieved by the proposed algorithm, the MOD09 algorithm, and the algorithm without atmospheric correction are analyzed. For the MODIS channels 1 and 2, the MOD09 algorithm gives negative values of the reflection coefficient for some pixels, while the proposed algorithm does not. The algorithm without atmospheric correction overestimates the reflection coefficient.
An algorithm for reconstruction of the Earth’s surface reflection coefficients from MODIS images is considered. The atmospheric correction of the data is carried out taking into account side illumination, additional light exposure of the Earth’s surface to reflected radiation, influence of the inhomogeneous Earth’s surface, and radiation polarization was carried out. To accelerate obtaining of results, it is suggested to use a number of approximation formulas and criteria. A comparison with the results of execution of the MOD09 algorithm for three regions of the Earth’s surface (in Tomsk, Moscow, and Irkutsk Regions) demonstrated that in the first, third, and fourth MODIS channels, the average values of the data obtained by the proposed algorithm were closer to the reference ones than the results obtained by the MOD09 NASA algorithm; in the second MODIS channel, the difference reached an order of magnitude. In the eighth MODIS channel, one algorithm was preferable to another in some situations, whereas in other situations, wise versa.
The software has been developed for thematic processing of data of Russian satellite systems. It is based on the algorithm of atmospheric correction developed by IAO SB RAS. The software allows retrieval of the reflection coefficients of the Earth’s surface with the RTM atmospheric correction algorithm in the visible and near-IR range on the assumption of a uniform surface. The software includes converters for reading and unpacking input formats of satellite data and related metadata, an atmospheric correction module, and an auxiliary module for formation of the atmospheric model. The atmospheric correction includes procedures for statistical simulation of the Earth’s surface illumination and for calculation of the spherical albedo of the atmosphere, intensity of radiation noninteracting with the surface, and intensity of radiation reflected by the surface.
The problem of reconstruction of the Earth surface reflection coefficients from satellite data with allowance for radiation polarization is considered. Previously it was shown that in the process of atmospheric correction, optical-geometrical conditions may arise under which the allowance for radiation polarization is essential. In the present paper, the program complex for atmospheric correction of satellite images has been developed that takes into account radiation polarization. It has been used to process the Earth surface images recorded by the MODIS device.
An algorithm for atmospheric correction of satellite images in the visible and near IR ranges with allowance for polarization of radiation is proposed. Its accuracy is estimated in comparison with the NASA MOD09 algorithms with southern area of the Tomsk Region taken as an example.
The problem of taking into account the effect of polarization is considered for correction of satellite images of the Erath’s surface in the visible wavelength range for the distorting effect of the atmosphere. A program complex for calculation of the radiation components forming the satellite images has been developed with and without allowance for radiation polarization in the approximation of the homogeneous surface. Conditions are considered under which the neglect of polarization properties of radiation can lead to significant errors in reconstruction of the reflection coefficients of weakly reflecting surfaces.
Problems of application of the statistical simulation (Monte Carlo) method for solving fundamental and applied problems of atmospheric optics and acoustics at the V. E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of the SB RAS are discussed in the present work. The most significant results obtained in the study of imaging of objects located on the Earth’s surface, in the atmosphere, and in space for ground-based and satellite observations aimed at the development of means for atmospheric correction of data of satellite passive sensing of the Earth’s surface, investigation of bistatic atmospheric optical communication channels, and estimation of the energy characteristics of acoustic radiation propagating through the turbulent atmosphere and sodar signals are presented.
The problem of polarization account in statistical simulation of the process of satellite imaging of the Earth’s surface in the visible and near-IR range of wavelengths is considered. The complex of algorithms is developed on the basis of the Monte Carlo method that allows reflection coefficient of the Earth’s surface to be reconstructed in the homogeneous surface approximation with and without allowance for radiation polarization. Test examples are presented that prove the correctness of the algorithmic implementation. It is demonstrated that account of polarization can be an integral part of the atmospheric correction algorithm, in particular, for weakly reflecting surfaces.
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