It is a great challenge for traditional passive camouflage materials to respond to spectral changes with environmental transitions. Hence, a spectrally tunable light source (STLS) sample composed of multitype light-emitting diodes for matching different background spectra was proposed. The common background spectra were measured. These spectra can provide the guidance and verification of the STLS sample in terms of spectral matching. The STLS sample was designed by a spectral fitting method with an equal interval of the peak wavelength, and an optimization method was proposed to match the different background spectra quickly and accurately. The theoretical results show that at least 30 light sources with different peak wavelengths are required to match all the collected spectra from the typical backgrounds. The correlation index between the measured STLS spectrum and the background spectrum of the gravel clay can increase from 0.5045 to 0.9518 after the optimization, indicating an accurate match. Except for the extremely low energy spectra, the correlation indexes can be maintained above 0.9275 for the collected spectra versus the different environments and time, exhibiting the verification of matching the different background spectra. Thus, we confirm the feasibility of the proposed STLS sample, which can provide a preliminary exploration for the application and development of dynamic spectral matching.